10540283 1999 12 17 1999 12 17 2005 11 17

0950-382X 34 1 1999 Oct Mol. Microbiol. Transcription regulation of the nir gene cluster encoding nitrite reductase of Paracoccus denitrificans involves NNR and NirI, a novel type of membrane protein. 24-36 The nirIX gene cluster of Paracoccus denitrificans is located between the nir and nor gene clusters encoding nitrite and nitric oxide reductases respectively. The NirI sequence corresponds to that of a membrane-bound protein with six transmembrane helices, a large periplasmic domain and cysteine-rich cytoplasmic domains that resemble the binding sites of [4Fe-4S] clusters in many ferredoxin-like proteins. NirX is soluble and apparently located in the periplasm, as judged by the predicted signal sequence. NirI and NirX are homologues of NosR and NosX, proteins involved in regulation of the expression of the nos gene cluster encoding nitrous oxide reductase in Pseudomonas stutzeri and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Analysis of a NirI-deficient mutant strain revealed that NirI is involved in transcription activation of the nir gene cluster in response to oxygen limitation and the presence of N-oxides. The NirX-deficient mutant transiently accumulated nitrite in the growth medium, but it had a final growth yield similar to that of the wild type. Transcription of the nirIX gene cluster itself was controlled by NNR, a member of the family of FNR-like transcriptional activators. An NNR binding sequence is located in the middle of the intergenic region between the nirI and nirS genes with its centre located at position -41.5 relative to the transcription start sites of both genes. Attempts to complement the NirI mutation via cloning of the nirIX gene cluster on a broad-host-range vector were unsuccessful, the ability to express nitrite reductase being restored only when the nirIX gene cluster was reintegrated into the chromosome of the NirI-deficient mutant via homologous recombination in such a way that the wild-type nirI gene was present directly upstream of the nir operon. Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Saunders N F NF Houben E N EN Koefoed S S de Weert S S Reijnders W N WN Westerhoff H V HV De Boer A P AP Van Spanning R J RJ eng GENBANK AF005358 U47133 U94899 PDB P33943 Journal Article

ENGLAND Mol Microbiol 8712028 0 Bacterial Proteins 0 DNA-Binding Proteins 0 Membrane Proteins 0 NNR protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 NirI protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 NirX protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 Transcription Factors EC 1.7.- Nitrite Reductases IM Amino Acid Sequence Bacterial Proteins Base Sequence DNA-Binding Proteins Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genetic Complementation Test Membrane Proteins chemistry genetics metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family Mutation Nitrite Reductases genetics metabolism Paracoccus denitrificans genetics metabolism Protein Structure, Secondary Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transcription Factors genetics metabolism Transcription, Genetic 10854512 2000 06 29 2000 06 29 2004 11 17

1432-2218 14 1 2000 Jan Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the duodenum. 86 Duodenal inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) are extemely rare lesions indistinguishable from submucosal tumors by endoscopic inspection alone. Like gastric inflammatory fibroid polyps, they can be managed by endoscopic polypectomy or mucosectomy. However, preoperative diagnosis of this benign lesion is difficult. Here we present a case of duodenal IFP causing gastrointestinal bleeding that was evaluated by endoscopic ultrasound before surgical removal. On endosonography, the duodenal IFP appeared as a coarsely heterogeneous isoechoic and hypoechoic mass circumscribed by a distinct margin and arising from the third layer of the duodenal wall. The endosonographic appearance of this lesion was in marked contrast to that previously reported for gastric IFPs, which have tended to appear as hypoechoic homogeneous lesions with indistinct margins. Endosonographic evaluation of suspected IFPs before endoscopic or surgical treatment is useful. However, the endosonographic appearances of duodenal and gastric IFPs may be significantly different, possibly because of differences in the makeup of the duodenal and gastric walls. Division of Gastroenterology, ChangHua Christian Medical Center, ChangHua, Taiwan. Soon M S MS Lin O S OS eng Case Reports Journal Article 1999 11 25

UNITED STATES Surg Endosc 8806653 IM Duodenal Neoplasms complications pathology surgery Duodenitis etiology pathology surgery Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Endosonography Female Fibroma pathology surgery Gastric Mucosa pathology Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage etiology pathology surgery Humans Intestinal Polyps complications pathology surgery Middle Aged 10972993 2000 09 26 2000 09 26 2004 11 17

0899-1987 28 4 2000 Aug Mol. Carcinog. Altered expression of BRCA1, BRCA2, and a newly identified BRCA2 exon 12 deletion variant in malignant human ovarian, prostate, and breast cancer cell lines. 236-46 Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose to hereditary breast, ovarian, and possibly prostate cancer, yet structural mutations in these genes are infrequent in sporadic cancer cases. To better define the involvement of these genes in sporadic cancers, we characterized expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 transcripts in cancer cell lines derived from neoplasms of the ovary, prostate, and breast and compared them with those expressed in primary cultures of normal epithelial cells established from these organs. We observed upregulation of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 expression in six of seven ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCA420, OVCA429, OVCA432, ALST, DOV13, and SKOV3) when compared with levels found in normal ovary surface epithelial cells. Furthermore, five cancerous or immortalized prostatic epithelial cell lines (BPH-1, TSU-Pr1, LNCaP, PC-3, and DU145) also expressed higher levels of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mRNA than did primary cultures of normal prostatic epithelial cells. In contrast, only the estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cell line overexpressed these messages, whereas the estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell lines Hs578T, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 showed no change in expression levels when compared with normal breast epithelial cells. In addition, expanding on our recent identification of a novel BRCA2 transcript variant carrying an in-frame exon 12 deletion (BRCA2 delta 12), we report increased expression of this variant in several ovarian, prostate, and mammary cancer cell lines (OVCA420, OVCA433, ALST, DOV13, SKOV3, TSU-Pr1, DU145, and MDA-MB-468). Most notably, high levels of BRCA2 delta 12 mRNA were detected in an estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, and in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line, DU-145. Interestingly, the wild-type BRCA2 transcript was barely detectable in DU145, which could be used as a model system for future investigations on BRCA2 delta 12 function. Taken together, our data suggest disruption of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 gene expression in certain epithelial cancer cell lines of the ovary, prostate, and breast. Because wild-type BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene products increase during cell-cycle progression and are believed to exert growth-inhibitory action, enhanced expression of these genes in cancer cells may represent a negative feedback mechanism for curbing proliferation in fast-growing cells. At present, the functionality of BRCA2 delta 12 remains elusive. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA. Rauh-Adelmann C C Lau K M KM Sabeti N N Long J P JP Mok S C SC Ho S M SM eng C69453 PHS CA15576 CA NCI CA62269 CA NCI Journal Article

UNITED STATES Mol Carcinog 8811105 0 BRCA1 Protein 0 BRCA2 Protein 0 Neoplasm Proteins 0 RNA, Messenger 0 Transcription Factors IM BRCA1 Protein genetics BRCA2 Protein Breast metabolism Breast Neoplasms genetics Cell Line Epithelial Cells metabolism Exons Female Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Genes, BRCA1 Humans Male Neoplasm Proteins genetics Ovarian Neoplasms genetics Prostatic Neoplasms genetics RNA, Messenger genetics Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Sequence Deletion Transcription Factors genetics Transcription, Genetic Tumor Cells, Cultured Variation (Genetics) 11056631 2000 12 01

0031-9007 85 19 2000 Nov 6 Phys. Rev. Lett. Dislocated epitaxial islands. 4088-91 Dislocation networks observed in CoSi (2) islands grown epitaxially on Si are compared with the results of dislocation-dynamics calculations. The calculations make use of the fact that image forces play a relatively minor role compared to line tension forces and dislocation-dislocation interactions. Remarkable agreement is achieved, demonstrating that this approach can be applied more generally to study dislocations in other mesostructures. IBM Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA. Liu X H XH Ross F M FM Schwarz K W KW eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Phys Rev Lett 0401141 IM 11034741 2001 01 26 2001 08 02 2004 11 17

1469-493X 4 2000 Parent-training programmes for improving maternal psychosocial health. CD002020 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of mental health problems in women is 1:3 and such problems tend to be persistent. There is evidence from a range of studies to suggest that a number of factors relating to maternal psychosocial health can have a significant effect on the mother-infant relationship, and that this can have consequences for the psychological health of the child. It is now thought that parenting programmes may have an important role to play in the improvement of maternal psychosocial health. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to address whether group-based parenting programmes are effective in improving maternal psychosocial health including anxiety, depression and self-esteem. SEARCH STRATEGY: A range of biomedical, social science, educational and general reference electronic databases were searched including MEDLINE, EMBASE CINAHL, PsychLIT, ERIC, ASSIA, Sociofile and the Social Science Citation Index. Other sources of information included the Cochrane Library (SPECTR, CENTRAL), and the National Research Register (NRR). SELECTION CRITERIA: Only randomised controlled trials were included in which participants had been randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group, the latter being either a waiting-list, no-treatment or a placebo control group. Studies had to include at least one group-based parenting programme, and one standardised instrument measuring maternal psychosocial health. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: A systematic critical appraisal of all included studies was undertaken using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published criteria. The data were summarised using effect sizes but were not combined in a meta-analysis due to the small number of studies within each group and the presence of significant heterogeneity. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 22 studies were included in the review but only 17 provided sufficient data to calculate effect sizes. These 17 studies reported on a total of 59 outcomes including depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, social competence, social support, guilt, mood, automatic thoughts, dyadic adjustment, psychiatric morbidity, irrationality, anger and aggression, mood, attitude, personality, and beliefs. Approximately 22% of the outcomes measured suggested significant differences favouring the intervention group. A further 40% showed differences favouring the intervention group but which failed to achieve conventional levels of statistical significance, in some cases due to the small numbers that were used. Approximately 38% of outcomes suggested no evidence of effectiveness. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that parenting programmes can make a significant contribution to the improvement of psychosocial health in mothers. While the critical appraisal suggests some variability in the quality of the included studies, it is concluded that there is sufficient evidence to support their use with diverse groups of parents. However, it is also suggested that some caution should be exercised before the results are generalised to parents irrespective of the level of pathology present, and that further research is still required. Health Services Research Unit, University of Oxford, Institute of Health Sciences, Old Road, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF. esther.coren@dphpc.ox.ac.uk Barlow J J Coren E E eng Journal Article Review

England Cochrane Database Syst Rev 100909747 IM Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(2):CD002020 11406024 Anxiety therapy Depression therapy Female Humans Maternal Behavior psychology Mother-Child Relations Parenting Program Evaluation Randomized Controlled Trials Self Concept 99 11406024 2001 06 14 2002 02 28 2004 11 17

1469-493X 2 2001 Parent-training programmes for improving maternal psychosocial health. CD002020 BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are common, and there is evidence from a range of studies to suggest that a number of factors relating to maternal psychosocial health can have a significant effect on the mother-infant relationship, and that this can have consequences for both the short and long-term psychological health of the child. The use of parenting programmes is increasing in the UK and evidence of their effectiveness in improving outcomes for mothers is now required. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to address whether group-based parenting programmes are effective in improving maternal psychosocial health including anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. SEARCH STRATEGY: A range of biomedical, social science, educational and general reference electronic databases were searched including MEDLINE, EMBASE CINAHL, PsychLIT, ERIC, ASSIA, Sociofile and the Social Science Citation Index. Other sources of information included the Cochrane Library (SPECTR, CENTRAL), and the National Research Register (NRR). SELECTION CRITERIA: Only randomised controlled trials were included in which participants had been randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group, the latter being either a waiting-list, no-treatment or a placebo control group. Studies had to include at least one group-based parenting programme, and one standardised instrument measuring maternal psychosocial health. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: A systematic critical appraisal of all included studies was undertaken using a modified version of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published criteria. The treatment effect for each outcome in each study was standardised by dividing the mean difference in post-intervention scores for the intervention and treatment group, by the pooled standard deviation, to produce an effect size. Where appropriate the results were then combined in a meta-analysis using a fixed-effect model, and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the significance of the findings. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 23 studies were included in the review but only 17 provided sufficient data to calculate effect sizes. The 17 studies provided a total of 59 assessments of outcome on a range of aspects of psychosocial functioning including depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, social competence, social support, guilt, mood, automatic thoughts, dyadic adjustment, psychiatric morbidity, irrationality, anger and aggression, mood, attitude, personality, and beliefs. There was only sufficient data, however, on five outcomes (depression; anxiety/stress; self-esteem; social support; and relationship with spouse/marital adjustment) to combine the results in a meta-analysis. The meta-analyses show statistically significant results favouring the intervention group as regards depression; anxiety/stress; self-esteem; and relationship with spouse/marital adjustment. The meta-analysis of the social support data, however, showed no evidence of effectiveness. These results suggest that parenting programmes, irrespective of the type (or content) of programme, can be effective in improving important aspects of maternal psycho-social functioning. Of the data summarising the effectiveness of the different types of parenting programmes, which it was not possible to combine in a meta-analysis, approximately 22% of the outcomes measured, showed significant differences between the intervention group and the control group. A further 40% showed medium to large non-significant differences favouring the intervention group. Approximately one-third of outcomes showed small non-significant differences or no evidence of effectiveness. A meta-analysis of the follow-up data on three outcomes was also conducted - depression, self-esteem and relationship with spouse/marital adjustment. The results show that there was a continued improvement in self-esteem, depression and marital adjustment at follow-up, although the latter two findings were not statistically significant. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that parenting programmes can make a significant contribution to short-term psychosocial health in mothers, and that the limited follow-up data available suggest that these are maintained over time. However, the overall paucity of long-term follow-up data points to the need for further evidence concerning the long-term effectiveness of parenting programmes on maternal mental health. Furthermore, it is suggested that some caution should be exercised before the results are generalised to parents irrespective of the level of pathology present, and that further research is still required. Health Services Research Unit, University of Oxford, Institute of Health Sciences, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF. esther.coren@public-health.oxford.ac.uk Barlow J J Coren E E eng Journal Article Review

England Cochrane Database Syst Rev 100909747 IM Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD002020 14973981 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD002020 11034741 Anxiety therapy Depression therapy Female Humans Maternal Behavior psychology Maternal Welfare Mother-Child Relations Parenting Program Evaluation Randomized Controlled Trials Self Concept 100 11428848 2001 06 28 2001 09 27 2004 11 17

0195-668X 22 13 2001 Jul Eur. Heart J. Indications for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Study Group on Guidelines on ICDs of the Working Group on Arrhythmias and the Working Group on Cardiac Pacing of the European Society of Cardiology. 1074-81 Heart Lung Center Utrecht, University Medical Center, The Netherlands. Hauer R N RN Aliot E E Block M M Capucci A A Lüderitz B B Santini M M Vardas P E PE European Society of Cardiology. Working Group on Arrhythmias and Working Group on Cardiac Pacing eng Guideline Journal Article Practice Guideline

England Eur Heart J 8006263 IM Arrhythmia etiology therapy Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia therapy Cardiomyopathy, Dilated therapy Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic therapy Coronary Disease therapy Death, Sudden, Cardiac prevention & control Defibrillators, Implantable Heart Valve Diseases therapy Humans Long QT Syndrome therapy Ventricular Fibrillation therapy 11441930 2001 07 09 2001 07 19 2005 11 16

0284-186X 40 2-3 2001 Assessment of quality of life during chemotherapy. 175-84 Increasingly more aggressive chemotherapy together with expected small differences between treatments with respect to objective endpoints has heightened awareness about the importance of addressing how patients experience and value the impact that treatment has had on their overall life situation. Assessment of a patient's quality of life (QoL) is now conceptually viewed as an important complement to traditional objective evaluation measures. It was therefore considered important to review the basis for the assessment of this endpoint when The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU) performed a systematic overview of chemotherapy effects in several tumour types. The group came to the following conclusions: QoL assessments, mostly by patient self-reporting in questionnaires, have come increasingly into use during the past decade. A number of general, cancer-specific and cancer diagnosis-specific instruments have been developed. There is at present little need for development of new cancer instruments, although specific treatment modalities and tumour types may need new additional modules. A predefined hypothesis should determine the instrument to be used. Since the selection of a QoL instrument in a specific study influences both the results and the conclusions, it is essential to carefully select the instrument or instruments that have the greatest likelihood of identifying relevant differences between treatment alternatives. Interpretation of QoL data is more difficult than interpretation of objective endpoints such as survival time, objective response rates or toxicity. Despite these difficulties, QoL analyses have provided new insights into the advantages and disadvantages of various treatments not provided by traditional end-points. Some palliative treatments seemingly increase patients' QoL despite side-effects or the lack of, or marginal, increases in survival. When using potentially curative chemotherapy, it is not a matter of when the treatment should be started, but rather when it should be concluded. When using less active chemotherapy, the expected small therapeutic gains must be weighed against the QoL costs of using the therapy: does the toxicity and/or the inconvenience of the proposed treatment justify the expected gain? When it is found that the strain on the patient is greater than the effects of the cancer, treatment must be discontinued. It is not possible to determine whether or not the advantages of palliative chemotherapy are worth their costs without knowledge about patients' personal values regarding the influence on factors of relevance for QoL. The mostly used QoL questionnaires do not consider individual preferences, which therefore need to be addressed in the dialogue with the patient. QoL assessment is clearly in need of further methodological improvement before this endpoint can be regarded as fully established with respect to ability to provide unequivocally useful data in clinical trials. The multitude of questionnaires, missing data, lack of pre-study hypotheses of relevant differences between treatments and data multiplicity giving a risk for chance findings are examples of serious methodological problems. Patient response-shifts over time further complicate the interpretation of the data. Thus, QoL data, also from seemingly well-performed clinical trials, have to be interpreted cautiously. The international development during recent years has aimed at creating increased standardization of QoL measures. This has created greater possibilities to compare results from different trials. Hopefully, this also implies that it will be possible to draw firmer conclusions from QoL measurements in recently completed or ongoing trials than has been the case previously. QoL assessments are resource demanding even when short standardized questionnaires are used. Since cancer patients also generally give priority to anticancer effects over toxicity and convenience, QoL assessments in clinical trials are motivated mainly in study settings comparing treatments without expected major differences of outcome in objective endpoints. Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Gunnars B B Nygren P P Glimelius B B SBU-group. Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care eng Journal Article Review

Norway Acta Oncol 8709065 0 Antineoplastic Agents IM Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects therapeutic use Endpoint Determination Humans Neoplasms drug therapy Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Palliative Care Patient Satisfaction Quality of Life Questionnaires 112 11525160 2001 08 28 2001 08 30 2004 11 17

0250-5525 124 2000 32nd Annual meeting of the Swiss Society of Nephrology. Lausanne, 14-15 December 2000. Abstracts. 1S-20S eng fre ger Congresses Overall

Switzerland Schweiz Med Wochenschr Suppl 7708316 IM Animals Humans Kidney Diseases Nephrology 11524736 2001 08 28 2001 12 12 2004 11 17

1098-1004 18 3 2001 Sep Hum. Mutat. Detection of six novel FBN1 mutations in British patients affected by Marfan syndrome. 251 Marfan syndrome (MFS), an autosomal dominant disorder of the extracellular matrix, is due to mutations in fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene. Investigations carried out in the last decade, unveiled the unpredictability of the site of the mutation, which could be anywhere in the gene. FBN1 mutations have been reported in a spectrum of diseases related to MFS, with no clear evidence for a phenotype-genotype correlation. In this paper we analysed 10 British patients affected by MFS and we were able to characterise five novel missense mutations (C474W, C1402Y, G1987R, C2153Y, G2536R), one novel frameshift mutation (7926delC), one already described mutation (P1424A) and one FBN1 variant (P1148A) classified as a polymorphism in the Asian population. Four out of the five novel missense mutations involved either cysteines or an amino acid conserved in the domain structure. The mutation yield in this study is calculated at 80.0% (8/10), thus indicating that SSCA is a reliable and cost-effective technique for the screening of such a large gene. Our results suggest that this method is reliable to search for FBN1 mutations and that FBN1 screening could be a helpful tool to confirm and possibly anticipate the clinical diagnosis in familial cases. Hum Mutat 18:251, 2001. Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Department of Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. p.comeglio@sghms.ac.uk Comeglio P P Evans A L AL Brice G W GW Child A H AH eng Journal Article

United States Hum Mutat 9215429 0 Microfilament Proteins 0 fibrillin IM Hum Mutat. 2001 Dec;18(6):546-7 11748851 Adult Base Sequence Child, Preschool Female Frameshift Mutation Great Britain Humans Male Marfan Syndrome genetics Microfilament Proteins genetics Middle Aged Mutation Mutation, Missense Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Sequence Deletion 11567133 2001 09 21 2001 10 04 2003 10 31

0036-8075 293 5538 2001 Sep 21 Science Changes in seismic anisotropy after volcanic eruptions: evidence from Mount Ruapehu. 2231-3 The eruptions of andesite volcanoes are explosively catastrophic and notoriously difficult to predict. Yet changes in shear waveforms observed after an eruption of Mount Ruapehu, New Zealand, suggest that forces generated by such volcanoes are powerful and dynamic enough to locally overprint the regional stress regime, which suggests a new method of monitoring volcanoes for future eruptions. These results show a change in shear-wave polarization with time and are interpreted as being due to a localized stress regime caused by the volcano, with a release in pressure after the eruption. Institute of Geophysics, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. Miller V V Savage M M eng Journal Article

United States Science 0404511 11583040 2001 10 02 2001 10 04 2005 11 16

0084-6597 28 2000 Understanding oblique impacts from experiments, observations, and modeling. 141-67 Natural impacts in which the projectile strikes the target vertically are virtually nonexistent. Nevertheless, our inherent drive to simplify nature often causes us to suppose most impacts are nearly vertical. Recent theoretical, observational, and experimental work is improving this situation, but even with the current wealth of studies on impact cratering, the effect of impact angle on the final crater is not well understood. Although craters' rims may appear circular down to low impact angles, the distribution of ejecta around the crater is more sensitive to the angle of impact and currently serves as the best guide to obliquity of impacts. Experimental studies established that crater dimensions depend only on the vertical component of the impact velocity. The shock wave generated by the impact weakens with decreasing impact angle. As a result, melting and vaporization depend on impact angle; however, these processes do not seem to depend on the vertical component of the velocity alone. Finally, obliquity influences the fate of the projectile: in particular, the amount and velocity of ricochet are a strong function of impact angle. Lunar and Planetary Lab., University of Arizona, Tucson, 84721, USA. betty@lpl.arizona.edu Pierazzo E E Melosh H J HJ eng Journal Article Review

United States Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 100971465 S Computer Simulation Evolution, Planetary Gravitation Meteoroids Models, Theoretical Moon Planets Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 96 00026602 NASA Discipline Exobiology Non-NASA Center Melosh H J HJ U AZ, Tucson Grant numbers: NAGW-5159, NAGW-428. 11686176 1982 01 01 1982 01 01 2004 11 18

0094-6133 1979 Jan-Feb How physicians may minimize their chances of becoming involved in an informed consent claim. 1-2 Bower John J JJ eng Journal Article

United States Malpract Dig 9879884 E Consent Forms Humans Informed Consent Jurisprudence Malpractice Records 12517 KIE BoB Subject Heading: INFORMED CONSENT 11686167 1990 10 17 1990 10 17 2004 11 18

8756-2057 25-26 1990 Jan-Apr The dilemma of the Webster decision: deconstitutionalizing the trimester system. 276-92 Kindregan Charles P CP eng Journal Article

United States Report Hum Reprod Law 100971950 E Abortion, Eugenic Abortion, Induced Abortion, Therapeutic Beginning of Human Life Civil Rights Embryonic and Fetal Development Fetal Viability Fetus Government Regulation Great Britain History Humans International Cooperation Internationality Jurisprudence Legislation Life Pregnancy Pregnant Women Privacy Religion Social Control, Formal State Government Supreme Court Decisions United States 31521 Abortion Act 1967 (Great Britain) Genetics and Reproduction Legal Approach Roe v. Wade Webster v. Reproductive Health Services 63 fn. KIE BoB Subject Heading: abortion/legal aspects 11694165 2001 11 05 2001 12 28 2004 11 17

0098-7484 286 17 2001 Nov 7 JAMA msJAMA: Breast reconstruction: one woman's choice. 2163 Bily L L eng Journal Article

United States JAMA 7501160 AIM IM Body Image Decision Making Female Humans Mammaplasty methods psychology Mastectomy psychology 11704686 2001 11 19 2001 12 28 2005 11 16

0028-4793 345 22 2001 Nov 29 N. Engl. J. Med. Recognition and management of anthrax--an update. 1621-6 Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114-2696, USA. Swartz M N MN eng Journal Article Review 2001 11 06

United States N Engl J Med 0255562 0 Anthrax Vaccines 0 Penicillins AIM IM N Engl J Med. 2002 Mar 21;346(12):943-5; author reply 943-5 11907299 N Engl J Med. 2002 Mar 21;346(12):943-5; author reply 943-5 11911138 N Engl J Med. 2002 Mar 21;346(12):943-5; author reply 943-5 11911136 N Engl J Med. 2002 Mar 21;346(12):943-5; discusson 943-5 11911137 N Engl J Med 2002 Feb 21;346(8):634 Anthrax diagnosis drug therapy epidemiology prevention & control Anthrax Vaccines Antibiotic Prophylaxis Bacillus anthracis pathogenicity Bioterrorism Diagnosis, Differential Gastrointestinal Diseases diagnosis microbiology Humans Infection Control methods Laboratory Techniques and Procedures Meningitis, Bacterial diagnosis microbiology Penicillins therapeutic use Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis drug therapy microbiology Skin Diseases, Bacterial diagnosis microbiology Spores, Bacterial Virulence 11 11731716 2001 12 03 2002 02 28 2005 11 16

0031-7012 64 1 2002 Jan Pharmacology Progress in the search for ideal drugs. 1-7 The search for ideal drugs to improve patient care requires applications of modern scientific methods to both discovery and development. Using these modern methods, the pharmaceutical industry with strong academic and government collaboration has introduced in the last 25 years many new drugs that approach the ideal. After reviewing Björnsson's classification of drug action and the notion of contributory causality, this commentary defines an ideal drug from the perspectives of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutics. Examples of new drugs for hypertension, heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis, asthma, ulcer, and migraine headaches are described. Finally, the profound implications of progress in developing ideal drugs not only for the patient but also for the academic, educational, and regulatory establishments are briefly reviewed. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA. Spector Reynold R eng Journal Article Review

Switzerland Pharmacology 0152016 0 Pharmaceutical Preparations IM Drug Industry Drug Therapy trends Humans Pharmaceutical Preparations classification Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology 25 11748851 2001 12 18 2002 03 07 2004 11 17

1098-1004 18 6 2001 Dec Hum. Mutat. Erratum: Detection of six novel FBN1 mutations in British patients affected by Marfan syndrome. 546-7 Marfan syndrome (MFS), an autosomal dominant disorder of the extracellular matrix, is due to mutations in fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene. Investigations carried out in the last decade, unveiled the unpredictability of the site of the mutation, which could be anywhere in the gene. FBN1 mutations have been reported in a spectrum of diseases related to MFS, with no clear evidence for a phenotype-genotype correlation. In this paper we analysed 10 British patients affected by MFS and we were able to characterise five novel missense mutations (C474W, C1402Y, G1987R, C2153Y, G2536R), one novel frameshift mutation (7926delC), one already described mutation (P1424A) and one FBN1 variant (P1148A) classified as a polymorphism in the Asian population. Four out of the five novel missense mutations involved either cysteines or an amino acid conserved in the domain structure. The mutation yield in this study is calculated at 80.0% (8/10), thus indicating that SSCA is a reliable and cost-effective technique for the screening of such a large gene. Our results suggest that this method is reliable to search for FBN1 mutations and that FBN1 screening could be a helpful tool to confirm and possibly anticipate the clinical diagnosis in familial cases. Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Department of Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. p.comeglio@sghms.ac.uk Comeglio P P Evans A L AL Brice G W GW Child A H AH eng Corrected and Republished Article Journal Article

United States Hum Mutat 9215429 0 Microfilament Proteins 0 fibrillin 9007-49-2 DNA IM Hum Mutat. 2001 Sep;18(3):251 11524736 Adult Base Sequence Child, Preschool DNA chemistry genetics DNA Mutational Analysis Female Frameshift Mutation Great Britain Humans Male Marfan Syndrome genetics pathology Microfilament Proteins genetics Middle Aged Mutation Mutation, Missense Polymorphism, Genetic Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 11748856 2001 12 18 2002 03 07 2005 11 21

1098-1004 18 6 2001 Dec Hum. Mutat. Eight novel germline MLH1 and MSH2 mutations in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer families from Spain. 549 Germline mutations in the MLH1 and MSH2 genes, account for the majority of HNPCC families. We have screened such families from Spain by using DGGE analysis and subsequent direct sequencing techniques. In eight families we identified six novel MLH1 and two novel MSH2 mutations comprising one frame shift mutation (c.1420 del C), two missense mutations (L622H and R687W), two splice site mutations (c.1990-1 G>A and c.453+2 T>C and one nonsense mutation (K329X) in the MLH1 gene as well as two frame shift mutations (c.1979-1980 del AT and c.1704-1705 del AG) in the MSH2 gene. Our analysis contributes to the further characterization of the mutational spectrum of MLH1 and MSH2 genes in HNPCC families. Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, San Carlos University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Godino J J de La Hoya M M Diaz-Rubio E E Benito M M Caldés T T eng OMIM 114500 120435 120436 600258 600259 600678 Journal Article

United States Hum Mutat 9215429 0 Carrier Proteins 0 DNA-Binding Proteins 0 MLH1 protein, human 0 Neoplasm Proteins 0 Nuclear Proteins 0 Proto-Oncogene Proteins 9007-49-2 DNA EC 3.6.1.3 MSH2 protein, human EC 3.6.1.3 MutS Homolog 2 Protein IM Carrier Proteins Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis genetics DNA chemistry genetics DNA Mutational Analysis DNA-Binding Proteins Family Health Female Germ-Line Mutation Humans Male MutS Homolog 2 Protein Neoplasm Proteins genetics Nuclear Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins genetics Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Spain 12179763 1991 12 03 1991 12 03 2003 11 14

1226-0282 10 2 1990 Dec Recent changes in the population control policy and its future directions in Korea. 152-73 Cho N H NH Seo M H MH Tan B A BA eng Journal Article

KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Bogeon sahoe nonjib 9422396 J Adult Age Factors Aged Asia Birth Rate Conservation of Natural Resources Contraception Delivery of Health Care Demography Dependency (Psychology) Developing Countries Economics Employment Environment Family Planning Services Far East Fertility Health Health Manpower Health Planning Health Services Korea Maternal-Child Health Centers Organization and Administration Population Population Characteristics Population Density Population Dynamics Population Growth Primary Health Care Program Evaluation Public Policy Public Sector Research Social Welfare Socioeconomic Factors Sterilization, Reproductive 067656 00204408 The total fertility rate (TFR) in Korea decreased from 6.0 to 1.6 over the period 1960-87. A national family planning program and socioeconomic development have played roles in this decline. Should this most recent TFR prevail, the nation's population will increase to 50.2 million by 2020, shifting to negative growth thereafter. Demographic aging and labor shortages will ensue. Future population policy should consider Korea's socioeconomic conditions and its burgeoning population in relation to the available land area, and aim to maintain a minimum positive population growth rate. In this context, this paper considers future population policy directions for Korea, acknowledging that its strategies and objectives must change. Postponing reaching the goal of zero population growth rate is suggested to allow a moderate population infusion of economically active individuals. These people will help facilitate greater economic development and work to improve the quality of life in Korea. Strengthened family planning/maternal-child health programs which encourage and support temporary contraceptive methods instead of sterilization will help to achieve this goal. Improving qualitative program aspects should be the center of attention in these programs. The paper also calls upon the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs to strengthen its research and evaluation capabilities. Adult Age Factors Aged Asia Birth Rate Carrying Capacity Contraception Contraceptive Methods Delivery Of Health Care Demographic Aging Demographic Factors Demographic Transition Dependency Burden Developing Countries Eastern Asia Economic Development Economic Factors Environment Family Planning Family Planning Programs Fertility Fertility Measurements Fertility Rate Health Health Services Human Resources Korea Labor Force Macroeconomic Factors Maternal-child Health Services Microeconomic Factors Natural Resources Organization And Administration Policy Population Population Characteristics Population Decrease Population Dynamics Population Growth Population Policy Population Pressure Population Size Primary Health Care Program Evaluation Programs Public Sector Research Methodology Social Policy Social Welfare Socioeconomic Factors Sterilization, Sexual Total Fertility Rate--changes Zero Population Growth TJ: JOURNAL OF POPULATION, HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE 12349809 2000 12 06 2000 12 06 2002 10 04

0251-7329 37 2 2000 Gender and globalization. A century in retrospect. 69-70 Chinkin C C eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES UN Chron 8305532 J Economics Evaluation Studies Interpersonal Relations Social Change Socioeconomic Factors Women's Rights 152034 00297373 In the past, power structures of the nation-State have been organized around patriarchal assumptions, granting men monopoly over power, authority, and wealth. A number of structures have been erected to achieve this imbalance, which have disguised its inequity by making it appear as natural and universal. However, with globalization, this centralization of power within the Sovereign State has been fragmented. Although globalization opens up new spaces by weakening the nation-State, subsequently making possible the undermining of traditional gender hierarchies and devising new bases for gender relations, the reality that the State is no longer the sole institution that can define identity and belonging within it has denied women the space to assert their own claims to gendered self-determination. In this regard, globalization has impacted upon gender relations in complex and contradictory ways. This paper discusses such impacts of globalization on gender relations. Overall, it has become apparent that forms of inequality still exist regardless of a State's prevailing political ideology. Their manifestations may differ, but the reality of women's subordination remains constant. Critique Economic Factors Gender Issues Gender Relations Social Change Socioeconomic Factors Women's Status World TJ: UN CHRONICLE 11858276 2002 02 21 2002 03 28 2004 11 17

0094-5765 48 5-12 2001 Mar-Jun Phase 1 research program overview. 845-51 The Phase 1 research program was unprecedented in its scope and ambitious in its objectives. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration committed to conducting a multidisciplinary long-duration research program on a platform whose capabilities were not well known, not to mention belonging to another country. For the United States, it provided the first opportunity to conduct research in a long-duration space flight environment since the Skylab program in the 1970's. Multiple technical as well as cultural challenges were successfully overcome through the dedicated efforts of a relatively small cadre of individuals. The program developed processes to successfully plan, train for and execute research in a long-duration environment, with significant differences identified from short-duration space flight science operations. Between August 1994 and June 1998, thousands of kilograms of research hardware was prepared and launched to Mir, and thousands of kilograms of hardware and data products were returned to Earth. More than 150 Principal Investigators from eight countries were involved in the program in seven major research disciplines: Advanced Technology; Earth Sciences; Fundamental Biology; Human Life Sciences; International Space Station Risk Mitigation; Microgravity; and Space Sciences. Approximately 75 long-duration investigations were completed on Mir, with additional investigations performed on the Shuttle flights that docked with Mir. The flight phase included the participation of seven US astronauts and 20 Russian cosmonauts. The successful completion of the Phase 1 research program not only resulted in high quality science return but also in numerous lessons learned to make the ISS experience more productive. The cooperation developed during the program was instrumental in its success. c2001 AIAA. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA. Uri J J JJ Lebedev O N ON eng Journal Article

England Acta Astronaut 9890631 S Biological Sciences Equipment Design Exobiology Extraterrestrial Environment Humans International Cooperation Program Evaluation Research instrumentation organization & administration Russia Space Flight instrumentation organization & administration trends Spacecraft USSR United States United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration organization & administration Weightlessness 00027286 Flight Experiment Mir Project STS Shuttle Project long duration manned short duration 11876201 2002 03 04 2002 03 22 2004 11 17

1069-9422 5 3 1998 Consumer acceptance of vegetarian sweet potato products intended for space missions. 339-46 Sweet potato is one of the crops selected for NASA's Advanced Life Support Program for potential long-duration lunar/Mars missions. This article presents recipes of products made from sweet potato and determines the consumer acceptability of products containing from 6% to 20% sweet potato on a dry weight basis. These products were developed for use in nutritious and palatable meals for future space explorers. Sensory evaluation (appearance/color, aroma, texture, flavor/taste, and overall acceptability) studies were conducted to determine the consumer acceptability of vegetarian products made with sweet potato using panelists at NASA/Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX. None of these products including the controls, contained any ingredient of animal origin with the exception of sweet potato pie. A 9-point hedonic scale (9 being like extremely and 1 being dislike extremely) was used to evaluate 10 products and compare them to similar commercially available products used as controls. The products tested were pancakes, waffles, tortillas, bread, pie, pound cake, pasta, vegetable patties, doughnuts, and pretzels. All of the products were either liked moderately or liked slightly with the exception of the sweet potato vegetable patties, which were neither liked nor disliked. Mean comparisons of sensory scores of sweet potato recipes and their controls were accomplished by using the Student t-test. Because of their nutritional adequacy and consumer acceptability, these products are being recommended to NASA's Advanced Life Support Program for inclusion in a vegetarian menu plan designed for lunar/Mars space missions. Center for Food and Environmental Systems for Human Exploration of Space, George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA. Wilson C D CD Pace R D RD Bromfield E E Jones G G Lu J Y JY eng Journal Article

United States Life Support Biosph Sci 9431217 S Diet, Vegetarian psychology Ecological Systems, Closed Evaluation Studies Food Habits psychology Food Preferences psychology Food Technology Humans Ipomoea batatas Life Support Systems Menu Planning Nutritive Value Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Space Flight United States United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration Weightlessness 00027330 NASA Discipline Life Support Systems Non-NASA Center Mortley D G DG Tuskegee U, AL Grant numbers: NCC 9-51, ALX-FS-2. 11953811 2002 05 09 2002 05 24 2004 11 17

1432-2218 16 5 2002 May Disruptive visions: surgeon responsibility during the era of change. 733-4 Satava R M RM eng Editorial

Germany Surg Endosc 8806653 IM Biomedical Technology Commerce trends Delivery of Health Care trends Health Services Needs and Demand trends Humans Surgery standards trends 12038483 2002 05 30 2002 07 26 2005 06 07

0273-1177 26 12 2000 Planetary protection issues for Mars sample acquisition flight projects. 1911-6 The planned NASA sample acquisition flight missions to Mars pose several interesting planetary protection issues. In addition to the usual forward contamination procedures for the adequate protection of Mars for the sake of future missions, there are reasons to ensure that the sample is not contaminated by terrestrial microbes from the acquisition mission. Recent recommendations by the Space Studies Board (SSB) of the National Research Council (United States), would indicate that the scientific integrity of the sample is a planetary protection concern (SSB, 1997). Also, as a practical matter, a contaminated sample would interfere with the process for its release from quarantine after return for distribution to the interested scientists. These matters are discussed in terms of the first planned acquisition mission. c2001 COSPAR Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA. Barengoltz J B JB eng Journal Article

United States Adv Space Res 9878935 7722-84-1 Hydrogen Peroxide S Containment of Biohazards Environmental Microbiology Extraterrestrial Environment Heat Hydrogen Peroxide Mars Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Space Flight standards Spacecraft Specimen Handling Sterilization methods United States United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration standards 00027913 NASA Center JPL NASA Discipline Exobiology Barengoltz J B JB JPL 12159900 2002 08 03 2002 08 22 2004 11 17

0362-4331 2002 Jul 2 Weighing medical ethics for many years to come: a conversation with Harold Shapiro. Interview by Howard Markel. F6 Shapiro Harold H eng Interview Newspaper Article

United States NY Times (Print) 9877126 E Advisory Committees Bioethical Issues Biomedical Research Biotechnology Cloning, Organism Conflict of Interest Embryo cytology Embryo Research Financing, Government Health Priorities Human Experimentation Humans Research Support Stem Cells United States 103061 VF 2.1 Bioethics and Professional Ethics National Bioethics Advisory Commission Popular Approach/Source KIE Bib: bioethics 12174865 2002 08 13 2002 08 21 2004 11 17

1145-0762 11 2 2000 Jun Physicians' attitudes towards medical ethics issues in Turkey. 57-67 Dept. of Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ankara, Tip. Fak. Dekanligi, Morfoloji Terleskesi, Anakara, Sihhiye - 06100 Turkey. Pelin S S SS Arda B B eng Journal Article

France J Int Bioethique 9015754 E Abortion, Induced Animal Experimentation Animals Attitude of Health Personnel Bioethical Issues Biomedical Research Complementary Therapies Confidentiality Data Collection Ethics, Medical Ethics, Research Euthanasia Humans Physician-Patient Relations Physicians psychology Prejudice Reproductive Techniques, Assisted Truth Disclosure Turkey 102894 Bioethics and Professional Ethics Empirical Approach Pelin, Serap Sahinoglu; Arda, Berna KIE Bib: bioethics; medical ethics 12192682 2002 08 22 2002 09 09 2004 11 17

0018-9251 35 3 1999 Jul Intelligent control of a planning system for astronaut training. 1055-70 This work intends to design, analyze and solve, from the systems control perspective, a complex, dynamic, and multiconstrained planning system for generating training plans for crew members of the NASA-led International Space Station. Various intelligent planning systems have been developed within the framework of artificial intelligence. These planning systems generally lack a rigorous mathematical formalism to allow a reliable and flexible methodology for their design, modeling, and performance analysis in a dynamical, time-critical, and multiconstrained environment. Formulating the planning problem in the domain of discrete-event systems under a unified framework such that it can be modeled, designed, and analyzed as a control system will provide a self-contained theory for such planning systems. This will also provide a means to certify various planning systems for operations in the dynamical and complex environments in space. The work presented here completes the design, development, and analysis of an intricate, large-scale, and representative mathematical formulation for intelligent control of a real planning system for Space Station crew training. This planning system has been tested and used at NASA-Johnson Space Center. Johnson Space Center, USA. Ortiz J J Chen G G eng Journal Article

United States IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 9876802 S Algorithms Artificial Intelligence Astronauts education Humans Inservice Training Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Space Flight education Spacecraft Systems Analysis Time Management United States United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration 00028138 Grant numbers: DAAG55-98-1-0198. 12211241 2002 09 03 2002 09 13 2004 11 17

1095-9203 297 5586 2002 Aug 30 Science Mycobacterium leprae and demyelination. 1475-6; author reply 1475-6 Ottenhoff Tom H M TH eng Comment Letter

United States Science 0404511 IM Science. 2002 May 3;296(5569):927-31 11988579 Bacterial Adhesion Demyelinating Diseases immunology microbiology pathology Humans Leprosy immunology microbiology pathology Mycobacterium leprae pathogenicity physiology Schwann Cells microbiology 12211266 2002 09 03 2002 09 25 2004 11 17

1054-6863 12 1 2002 Mar Public policy and the sale of human organs. 47-64 Gill and Sade, in the preceding article in this issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, argue that living individuals should be free from legal constraints against selling their organs. The present commentary responds to several of their claims. It explains why an analogy between kidneys and blood fails; why, as a matter of public policy, we prohibit the sale of human solid organs, yet allow the sale of blood; and why their attack on Kant's putative argument against the sale of human body parts is misplaced. Finally, it rejects the claim that the state is entitled to interfere with the actions of individuals only if such actions would harm others. We draw certain lines grounded in what Rawls has termed "public reason" beyond which we do not give effect to the autonomous self-regarding decisions of individuals. Public resistance to the sale of human body parts, no matter how voluntary or well informed, is grounded in the conviction that such a practice would diminish human dignity and our sense of solidarity. A system of organ donation, in contrast, conveys our respect for persons and honors our common humanity. Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. Cohen Cynthia B CB eng Journal Article

United States Kennedy Inst Ethics J 9109135 E Blood Donors Commodification Ethical Analysis Fees and Charges Human Body Humans Kidney Kidney Transplantation economics Living Donors Public Policy Tissue and Organ Procurement economics United States 103573 Analytical Approach Health Care and Public Health 24 refs. 4 fn. KIE Bib: blood donation; organ and tissue donation 12219757 2002 09 09 2002 09 13 2004 11 17

1225-505X 10 1 2001 Jun Development of neurophysiology in the early twentieth century: Charles Scott Sherrington and The Integrative action of the nervous system. 1-21 Department of the Medical History and Medical Humanities, Seoul National University College of Medicine. Kim O J OJ eng Biography Historical Article Journal Article

Korea (South) Uisahak 9605018 Q Books history Great Britain History, 19th Century History, 20th Century Neurophysiology history Sherrington C S CS 12227380 2002 09 12 2002 09 13 2004 11 17

0269-8897 15 1 2002 Mar Paracelsus, Paracelsianism, and the secularization of the worldview. 9-27 This paper examines Paracelsus and Paracelsianism in the light of the ideas of Max Weber concerning the social consequences of the Reformation, with special reference to his theories of Entzauberung and secularization. He linked these tendencies both to the rise of capitalism and the growth of experimental science. The detailed case study of Paracelsus' account of diseases linked with saints, in common with his interpretation of many other conditions, demonstrates that he self-consciously extended the boundaries of medicine and eroded the role of magic and witchcraft associated with the church. On the other hand, Paracelsus adopted the Neoplatonic worldview, was immersed in popular magic, and evolved a system of medicine that self-consciously revolved around magic. These factors seem to place a distinct limit on his role in the demystification of knowledge. However, the magic of Paracelsus entailed a decisive break with the entrenched elitist and esoteric tradition of the occultists and hermeticists. It is argued that this reconstructed magic re-establishes the credentials of Paracelsus as a significant contributor to the disenchantment and secularization of the worldview. All Souls College, Oxford. Webster Charles C eng Biography Historical Article Journal Article

England Sci Context 8904113 Q Europe History, 17th Century History, 20th Century History, Early Modern 1451-1600 Magic history Medicine Philosophy history Religion and Medicine Sciatica history Paracelsus Weber Max M 12230355 2002 09 16 2002 09 25 2005 11 17

1539-3704 137 6 2002 Sep 17 Ann. Intern. Med. Screening for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: recommendations and rationale. 526-8 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force eng Guideline Journal Article Practice Guideline

United States Ann Intern Med 0372351 AIM IM Ann Intern Med. 2003 Apr 15;138(8):689; author reply 389-90 12693905 Ann Intern Med. 2002 Sep 17;137(6):I59 12230384 Age Factors Aged Female Fractures, Bone etiology prevention & control Humans Mass Screening Middle Aged Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal complications diagnosis Risk Factors 12230384 2002 09 16 2002 09 25 2005 11 17

1539-3704 137 6 2002 Sep 17 Ann. Intern. Med. Summaries for patients. Screening for osteoporosis: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. I59 eng Journal Article Patient Education Handout

United States Ann Intern Med 0372351 AIM IM Ann Intern Med. 2002 Sep 17;137(6):526-8 12230355 Ann Intern Med. 2002 Sep 17;137(6):529-41 12230356 Aged Bone Density Evidence-Based Medicine Female Fractures, Bone etiology prevention & control Humans Mass Screening Middle Aged Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal complications diagnosis therapy Risk Factors United States 12742516 2003 05 13

0014-2999 468 2 2003 May 9 Eur. J. Pharmacol. S-15176 inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition via a mechanism independent of its antioxidant properties. 93-101 Mitochondrial Ca(2+) accumulation can induce a sudden increase in the permeability of the inner membrane. This phenomenon is due to the generation of a large nonselective ion channel, termed the permeability transition pore (PTP), which contributes to cellular injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Inhibition of PTP generation constitutes a relevant pharmacological target to protect a cell from death. In this study, we examined the effect of S-15176 ((N-[(3,5-di-tertiobutyl-4-hydroxy-1-thiophenyl)]-3-propyl-N'-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)piperazine), a novel anti-ischemic agent, on PTP in rat liver mitochondria. S-15176 prevented PTP opening generated by various triggering agents, as attested by the concentration-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial swelling, of mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and of NADPH oxidation. These effects were associated with an increase in the Ca(2+) loading capacity of mitochondria. S-15176 was a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, but experiments with another trimetazidine derivative devoid of antioxidant activity indicated that this activity was not essential to the inhibitory effect. Binding studies demonstrated that [3H]S-15176 bound to mitochondrial binding sites, especially those localized in the inner membrane. These sites were shared by several well-known inhibitors of PTP opening. These results demonstrate that the mechanism by which S-15176 protects mitochondria against the deleterious effects of ischemia-reperfusion involves inhibition of PTP opening and provide evidence that the drug operates through low structural specificity binding sites located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Département de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine de Paris XII, 94010, Créteil, France Elimadi Aziz A Jullien Vincent V Tillement Jean Paul JP Morin Didier D eng Journal Article

Netherlands Eur J Pharmacol 1254354 IM 12742518 2003 05 13

0014-2999 468 2 2003 May 9 Eur. J. Pharmacol. Behavioral effects of rimcazole analogues alone and in combination with cocaine. 109-19 Several sigma receptor ligands have been reported to also have affinity for the dopamine transporter, among them rimcazole (9-[3-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]carbazole dihydrochloride). However, rimcazole lacks behavioral effects like those of other dopamine uptake inhibitors, such as cocaine and GBR 12909 (1-(2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine dihydrochloride). Because of this profile, the interactions with cocaine of rimcazole and several of its novel analogues were assessed. The compounds studied were rimcazole, its N-methyl analogue, SH 1-73 (9-[3-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-propyl]carbazole hydrobromide), the dibrominated analogue, SH 1-76 (3,6-dibromo-9-[3-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-propyl]carbazole hydrochloride), and the N-propylphenyl analogues, SH 3-24 ([3-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-4-[3-phenylpropyl]-1-piperazinyl)-propyl]diphenylamine hydrochloride) and SH 3-28 (9-[3-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-4-[3-phenylpropyl]-1-piperazinyl)-propyl]carbazole hydrobromide). The former has a diphenyl-amine group in place of the carbazole moiety of rimcazole, giving the compound additional structural similarity to GBR 12909. The rimcazole analogues produced dose-related decreases in locomotor activity, and also decreased cocaine-stimulated activity in mice. In rats trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine (i.p.) from saline injections, cocaine and GBR 12909 each produced a dose-related increase in cocaine-appropriate responding. Cocaine also increased rates of responding. SH 3-28 decreased cocaine-appropriate responding at the cocaine training dose to about 58% (SH 3-28) with two of five subjects selecting the cocaine response key. Neither rimcazole nor SH 3-24 produced a significant attenuation of the discriminative effects of cocaine. Rimcazole and its analogs all attenuated the increases in rates of responding produced by cocaine. In contrast to effects obtained with rimcazole analogs, GBR 12909 potentiated the cocaine-induced increases in locomotor activity and operant behavior, as well as the discriminative-stimulus effects of cocaine. The present results indicate that analogues of rimcazole can attenuate the behavioral effects of cocaine, and though the mechanism for these effects is not presently clear, it is possible that this attenuation maybe mediated by actions of the rimcazole analogues at the dopamine transporter and/or sigma receptors. Psychobiology Section, Medications Discovery Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, 21224, Baltimore, MD, USA Katz Jonathan L JL Libby Therissa A TA Kopajtic Theresa T Husbands Stephen M SM Newman Amy Hauck AH eng Journal Article

Netherlands Eur J Pharmacol 1254354 IM 12742519 2003 05 13

0014-2999 468 2 2003 May 9 Eur. J. Pharmacol. Risperidone reduces limited access alcohol drinking in alcohol-preferring rats. 121-7 An atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone reduced ethanol drinking of ethanol-preferring Alko, Alcohol (AA) rats in a limited access paradigm. Its effect was transient at a dose known to preferentially antagonize the 5-HT(2) receptors (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), but long-lasting when the dose was increased to 1.0 mg/kg that also blocks dopamine D(2) receptors. Risperidone also reduced dose-dependently locomotor activity and limited access saccharin intake of the AA rats, indicating that its effect on ethanol drinking was not selective. Risperidone at 0.1 mg/kg given before four successive daily ethanol-drinking sessions significantly reduced the ethanol intake. These data from an animal model of high ethanol intake suggest that risperidone should be tested in various populations of alcoholics for reducing ethanol consumption. Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland Ingman Kimmo K Honkanen Aapo A Hyytiä Petri P Huttunen Matti O MO Korpi Esa R ER eng Journal Article

Netherlands Eur J Pharmacol 1254354 IM 14594616 2003 11 03 2004 02 02 2004 11 17

1087-2108 9 4 2003 Oct Dermatol. Online J. Epidermal nevus. 43 A 20-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic, life-long, verrucous, hyperpigmented plaque on the face and neck that corresponded to the lines of Blaschko. Histopathologic examination shows an epidermal nevus. This nevus presents a challenge in management because of the location and extent of the lesion. Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University, USA. Cassetty Christopher T CT Leonard Aimee L AL eng Case Reports Journal Article

United States Dermatol Online J 9610776 IM Adult Facial Neoplasms pathology therapy Female Humans Nevus pathology therapy Skin Neoplasms pathology therapy 14695699 2003 12 26 2005 04 12 2005 11 17

1226-0479 9 4 2003 Dec [The significance of urine sodium measurement after furosemide administration in diuretics-unresponsive patients with liver cirrhosis] 324-31 BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnosis of refractory ascites means a poor prognosis for patients with liver cirrhosis. The definition of refractory ascites has already been established, but using the dosage of diuretics that correlates with the definition of refractory ascites in an out-patient department will lower the compliance of the patient, as well as causing serious complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy and hyponatremia, as the dosage of diuretics is increased. Due to this fact, it is very difficult to apply this definition of refractory ascites to patients in a domestic out-patient department. In this study, in situations where there are difficulties in applying the diuretics dosage according to definition of refractory ascites, we tried to find out whether measuring the value of urine sodium after the administration of intravenous furosemide can be the standard in early differentiation of the response to diuretics treatment. METHODS: We reviewed 16 cases of liver cirrhosis with ascites and classified them into two groups by the response to diuretics. The diuretics-responsive ascites group was 8 cases and the diuretics-unresponsive ascites group consisted of 8 cases. After admission, we examined the patients' CBC, biochemical liver function test, spot urine sodium, and 24 hour creatinine clearance. After the beginning of the experiment, all diuretic therapy was stopped for 3 days. Daily we examined the patients' CBC, biochemical liver function test, and in the 3rd experiment day, we measured 24-hour urine volume and sodium. In the 4th experiment day, after sampling for ADH, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone level, we administrated the furosemide 80 mg I.V, and measured the amount of 8 hour urine volume and sodium. RESULTS: The plasma aldosterone level was significantly higher in the diuretics- unresponsive ascites group than in the diuretics-responsive ascites group. In the 4th experiment day, the amount of urine volume and sodium was very significantly lower in the diuretics-unresponsive ascites group than in the diuretics-responsive ascites group (1297.5 +/-80.9 vs 2003.7 +/-114.6 ml, p<0.005, 77.3 +/-8.2 vs 211.8 +/-12.6 mEq, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In out-patient departments, the measurement of urine sodium 8 hours after administrating 80 mg of intravenous furosemide, will help in differentiating ascites patients with lower treatment response to diuretics. Research Institute of Digestive Disease, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Cho Hyun Seok HS Park Geun Tae GT Kim Young Hoon YH Shim Sung Gon SG Kim Jin Bae JB Lee Oh Young OY Choi Ho Soon HS Hahm Joon Soo JS Lee Min Ho MH kor Journal Article

Korea (South) Taehan Kan Hakhoe Chi 9607534 0 Diuretics 54-31-9 Furosemide 7440-23-5 Sodium IM Adult Aged Ascites drug therapy etiology urine Diuretics administration & dosage English Abstract Female Furosemide administration & dosage Humans Infusions, Intravenous Liver Cirrhosis complications Male Middle Aged Sodium urine 14729922 2004 01 19 2004 02 11

1362-4962 32 1 2004 Nucleic Acids Res. Local homology recognition and distance measures in linear time using compressed amino acid alphabets. 380-5 Methods for discovery of local similarities and estimation of evolutionary distance by identifying k-mers (contiguous subsequences of length k) common to two sequences are described. Given unaligned sequences of length L, these methods have O(L) time complexity. The ability of compressed amino acid alphabets to extend these techniques to distantly related proteins was investigated. The performance of these algorithms was evaluated for different alphabets and choices of k using a test set of 1848 pairs of structurally alignable sequences selected from the FSSP database. Distance measures derived from k-mer counting were found to correlate well with percentage identity derived from sequence alignments. Compressed alphabets were seen to improve performance in local similarity discovery, but no evidence was found of improvements when applied to distance estimates. The performance of our local similarity discovery method was compared with the fast Fourier transform (FFT) used in MAFFT, which has O(L log L) time complexity. The method for achieving comparable coverage to FFT is revealed here, and is more than an order of magnitude faster. We suggest using k-mer distance for fast, approximate phylogenetic tree construction, and show that a speed improvement of more than three orders of magnitude can be achieved relative to standard distance methods, which require alignments. bob@drive5.com Edgar Robert C RC eng Journal Article 2004 01 16

England Nucleic Acids Res 0411011 0 Amino Acids 0 Proteins IM Algorithms Amino Acids analysis Computational Biology methods Evolution, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Proteins chemistry Sequence Alignment methods Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Software Time Factors 14744982 2004 01 27 2004 02 02 2005 02 02

1362-4962 32 1 2004 Nucleic Acids Res. Superior 5' homogeneity of RNA from ATP-initiated transcription under the T7 phi 2.5 promoter. e14 Transcription from the commonly used GTP- initiating T7 class III promoter phi6.5 frequently produces heterogeneous RNA at both 3' and 5' ends. We demonstrate here that RNA transcripts from the T7 class II promoter phi2.5 have superior 5' homogeneity over those from the phi6.5 promoter, with comparable total RNA yields. The overall homogeneity of RNA transcripts is improved to different degrees depending on RNA sequences, although transcription under phi2.5 does not affect the 3' heterogeneity of RNA. In combination with 3' RNA trimming by DNAzymes or ribozymes, this ATP- initiated transcription system based on the T7 phi2.5 promoter can provide excellent quality of RNA for applications requiring a high degree of RNA size homogeneity. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5043, USA. Coleman Tricia M TM Wang Guocan G Huang Faqing F eng Journal Article 2004 01 15

England Nucleic Acids Res 0411011 0 3' Untranslated Regions 0 5' Untranslated Regions 0 RNA, Viral 56-65-5 Adenosine Triphosphate IM 3' Untranslated Regions genetics metabolism 5' Untranslated Regions genetics metabolism Adenosine Triphosphate metabolism pharmacology Bacteriophage T7 genetics Base Sequence Gene Expression Regulation, Viral Molecular Sequence Data Molecular Weight Promoter Regions (Genetics) genetics RNA, Viral chemistry genetics metabolism Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Transcription, Genetic drug effects 14749521 2004 01 29 2004 02 23 2004 11 17

1539-6150 2004 4 2004 Jan 28 Hampering a heartbreaker. Antibiotic might stem injury from heart attack. nf13 A TV ad urges people who think they're having a heart attack to pop an aspirin before rushing to the emergency room. They might be even better off taking antibiotics, according to a new study. The work shows that an antibiotic stems a previously untreatable form of heart damage not by killing bugs but by suppressing cellular enzymes. Leslie Mitch M eng News 2004 01 28

United States Sci Aging Knowledge Environ 101146039 0 Enzyme Inhibitors 56-75-7 Chloramphenicol IM Animals Chloramphenicol therapeutic use Enzyme Inhibitors therapeutic use Humans Myocardial Infarction enzymology prevention & control Myocardial Ischemia enzymology prevention & control Myocardial Reperfusion Injury enzymology prevention & control Rats 14991249 2004 04 16 2005 03 15

0364-2348 33 5 2004 May Spontaneous resolution of solitary osteochondroma in the young adult. 303-5 Spontaneous resolution of a solitary osteochondroma is rare. Such a case is presented in a patient nearing skeletal maturity. Based on a search of the English literature this is the first such report in a patient of this age. Department of Orthopaedics, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK. Reston S C SC Savva N N Richards R H RH eng Case Reports Journal Article 2004 02 26

Germany Skeletal Radiol 7701953 IM Adolescent Bone Neoplasms diagnosis Femur radiography Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Osteochondroma diagnosis Remission, Spontaneous 11431089 2004 04 20 2005 06 08

0924-7947 7 2001 An investigation on behavioral problems in centenarians. 375-8 Department of Aging Science, Policlinico Umberto I, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy. Tafaro L L Cicconetti P P Martella S S Tedeschi G G Zannino G G Troisi G G Pastena I I Fioravanti M M Marigliano V V eng Journal Article

Ireland Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 8911786 15110832 2004 04 27 2004 12 10

0968-0896 12 10 2004 May 15 Bioorg. Med. Chem. Aminyl and iminyl radicals from arylhydrazones in the photo-induced DNA cleavage. 2509-15 Photolytic cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen single bond in benzaldehyde phenylhydrazones produced aminyl (R2N*) and iminyl (R2C=N*) radicals. This photochemical property was utilized in the development of hydrazones as photo-induced DNA-cleaving agents. Irradiation with 350 nm UV light of arylhydrazones bearing substituents of various types in a phosphate buffer solution containing the supercoiled circular phiX174 RFI DNA at pH 6.0 resulted in single-strand cleavage of DNA. Attachment of the electron-donating OMe group to arylhydrazones increased their DNA-cleaving activity. Results from systematic studies indicate that both the aminyl and the iminyl radicals possessed DNA-cleaving ability. Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC. jrhwu@mx.nthu.edu.tw Hwu Jih Ru JR Lin Chun Chieh CC Chuang Shih Hsien SH King Ke Yung KY Su Tzu-Rong TR Tsay Shwu-Chen SC eng Journal Article

England Bioorg Med Chem 9413298 0 Hydrazones IM DNA Damage Hydrazones chemical synthesis chemistry Molecular Structure Photolysis Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 15117668 2004 04 30 2004 05 10

0022-2895 22 3 1990 Sep The First Conference on Motor Control in Down Syndrome. 444-6 Latash M L ML eng Journal Article

United States J Mot Behav 0236512 15206831 2004 06 21 2004 07 29 2004 11 17

0896-4289 29 3 2003 Fall Warm partner contact is related to lower cardiovascular reactivity. 123-30 The authors investigated the relationship between brief warm social and physical contact among cohabitating couples and blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress in a sample of healthy adults (66 African American, 117 Caucasian; 74 women, 109 men). Prior to stress, the warm contact group underwent a 10-minute period of handholding while viewing a romantic video. Followed by a 20-second hug with their partner, while the no contact group rested quietly for 10 minutes and 20 seconds. In response to a public speaking task, individuals receiving prestress partner contact demonstrated lower systolic BP diastolic BP, and heart rate increases compared with the no contact group. The effects of warm contact were comparable for men and women and were greater for African Americans compared with Caucasians. These findings suggest that affectionate relationships with a supportive partner may contribute to lower reactivity to stressful life events and may partially mediate the benefit of marital support on better cardiovascular health. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7175, USA. karen_grewen@med.unc.edu Grewen Karen M KM Anderson Bobbi J BJ Girdler Susan S SS Light Kathleen C KC eng HL64927 HL NHLBI RR00046 RR NCRR Journal Article

United States Behav Med 8804264 IM Adult Affect Blood Pressure physiology Body Temperature Female Heart Rate physiology Humans Life Change Events Male Marriage psychology Middle Aged Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Speech Spouses Touch 15228064 2004 07 01 2004 08 06 2005 11 16

1080-6032 15 2 2004 Summer Acute coronary ischemia following centipede envenomation: case report and review of the literature. 109-12 This is the first known case report of electrocardiographic (ECG) changes suggestive of coronary vasospasm following a centipede envenomation. A 60-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) 1 hour after being stung by a 12-cm centipede. He complained of right great toe pain that did not radiate to his leg. The patient had no known ischemic heart disease. He did not describe any exertional symptoms but admitted experiencing weakness. During the ED course, concurrent with obtaining peripheral intravenous access, the patient experienced diaphoresis, dizziness, hypotension, and bradycardia. His ECG showed new ST-T wave changes, which suggested an acute ischemic process. The patient's blood pressure was 89/60 mm Hg, his pulse rate was 47 beats/min, and his respiration rate was 28 breaths/min. In the following hours, ECG findings returned to baseline. His blood pressure improved gradually with fluid resuscitation after approximately 5 hours. Cardiac markers returned to normal in the 13th hour after the event, and the patient underwent exercise stress testing, which was negative. The patient was discharged with cardiology follow-up. Adult patients with centipede envenomation should be closely monitored in anticipation of possible myocardial ischemia due to vasospasm, hypotension, and myocardial toxic effects of the venom. A child receiving the same amount of venom would be potentially at greater risk. Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. mozsarac@hotmail.com Ozsarac Murat M Karcioglu Ozgur O Ayrik Cuneyt C Somuncu Fatih F Gumrukcu Serhat S eng Case Reports Journal Article Review

United States Wilderness Environ Med 9505185 IM Animals Arachnidism complications diagnosis therapy Arthropods Diagnosis, Differential Electrocardiography Emergency Treatment Humans Male Middle Aged Myocardial Ischemia complications diagnosis therapy 18 15278624 2004 07 27 2005 02 07

0913-8668 5 3 1991 Jul Hypoxic ventilatory response in cats lightly anesthetized with ketamine: effects of halothane and sevoflurane in low concentrations. 233-8 The effect of low concentration sevoflurane and halothane on the ventilatory response to isocapnic hypoxia was studied in sixteen cats. The cats were divided into two groups, sevoflurane group and halothane group, of eight subjects each. As parameters of the hypoxic ventilatory response, A value [the slope of the hyperbolic curve, V(E) = V(0) + A/(Pa(O)(2)-32)] and ratio of V(50) (the minute volume obtained from the hyperbolic equation when Pa(O)(2) = 50 mmHg) to V(0) were studied. These two parameters were examined at three states, sedative state with ketamine as the control, ketamine plus 0.1 MAC inhalation anesthetic, and ketamine plus 0.5 MAC inhalation anesthetic.In the sevoflurane group, the A values were 4789 +/- 1518, 2187 +/- 1214, 1730 +/- 880 (mean +/- SE. ml.min(-1).mmHg) at the control state, 0.1 MAC and 0.5 MAC, respectively. In the halothane group, the A values were 6411 +/- 2368, 2529 +/- 842 and 2372 +/- 545, respectively. The ratios of V(50) to V(0) were 1.32 +/- 0.09, 1.22 +/- 0.09, 1.25 +/- 0.08 in the sevoflurane group, 1.47 +/- 0.18, 1.32 +/- 0.11, 1.54 +/- 0.18 in the halothane group, respectively. The A value at 0.1 MAC of the halothane group was less than the control value significantly. This proved that even low concentration halothane depressed the hypoxic ventilatory responses. The depression of hypoxic ventilatory response could cause postanesthetic hypoventilation. On the other hand, we could not find significant depression on the hypoxic ventilatory response in the sevoflurane group, but we should notice that variances of the hypoxic ventilatory response were large. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan. Tamura C C Doi M M Ikeda K K eng Journal Article

Japan J Anesth 8905667 15284444 2004 08 12 2004 09 29

0027-8424 101 32 2004 Aug 10 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Tubular precipitation and redox gradients on a bubbling template. 11537-41 Tubular structures created by precipitation abound in nature, from chimneys at hydrothermal vents to soda straws in caves. Their formation is controlled by chemical gradients within which precipitation occurs, defining a surface that templates the growing structure. We report a self-organized periodic templating mechanism producing tubular structures electrochemically in iron-ammonium-sulfate solutions; iron oxides precipitate on the surface of bubbles that linger at the tube rim and then detach, leaving behind a ring of material. The acid-base and redox gradients spontaneously generated by diffusion of ammonia from the bubble into solution organize radial compositional layering within the tube wall, a mechanism studied on a larger scale by complex Liesegang patterns of iron oxides formed as ammonia diffuses through a gel containing FeSO(4). When magnetite forms within the wall, a tube may grow curved in an external magnetic field. Connections with free-boundary problems in speleothem formation are emphasized. Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, Program in Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. Stone David A DA Goldstein Raymond E RE eng Journal Article 2004 07 29

United States Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 7505876 1669026 1993 11 15 1993 11 15 2000 12 18

0377-8231 Anniv No Pt 1 1991 Bull. Mem. Acad. R. Med. Belg. [150th Anniversary Celebration of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Belgium. Part 1. Bruxelles, 26-28 September 1991] 1-191 fre Congresses Overall Célébration du CL Anniversaire de l'Académie Royal de Médecine de Belgique. Première partie. Bruxelles, 26-28 septembre 1991.

BELGIUM Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg 7608462 IM Academies and Institutes Belgium Portraits 8219565 1993 12 08 1993 12 08 2004 11 17

1051-0443 4 5 1993 Sep-Oct Transcatheter manipulation of asymmetrically opened titanium Greenfield filters. 687-90 PURPOSE: The problem of asymmetric opening of the modified hook titanium Greenfield inferior vena cava filter necessitating transcatheter manipulation was evaluated in a retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Titanium Greenfield filters were placed in 166 patients over a 36-month period. The radiographic reports of all patients were reviewed to identify cases in which the filter failed to open symmetrically after deployment and catheter or wire manipulation of the filter was performed. The reports and angiograms from these patients were reviewed with respect to the circumstances surrounding filter placement and methods to achieve more symmetric opening. RESULTS: Transcatheter manipulation of asymmetrically opened filters was performed in 15 of 166 cases (9%). In 12 of these patients, acceptable and uneventful opening of the filter was achieved with a guide wire, pigtail catheter, or occlusion balloon catheter. In one case manipulation only partly improved orientation of the limbs, while in another case successful manipulation was complicated by distal migration. In the final case, the asymmetric filter covered only part of the lumen of the vena cava despite manipulations and a second filter was placed for optimal caval interruption. No specific cause for incomplete expansion was identified in any case. CONCLUSION: Marked asymmetry in opening of the modified hook titanium Greenfield filter that warrants manipulation occurs infrequently, but recognition and proper management may be important to ensure optimal caval interruption. Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego 92103. Moore B S BS Valji K K Roberts A C AC Bookstein J J JJ eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES J Vasc Interv Radiol 9203369 7440-32-6 Titanium IM J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1993 Sep-Oct;4(5):617-20 8219555 J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1994 May-Jun;5(3):526-7 8054760 J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1994 May-Jun;5(3):528-32 8054761 Catheterization, Central Venous Humans Titanium Vena Cava Filters Vena Cava, Inferior radiography 8119288 1994 04 01 1994 04 01 2004 11 17

0014-2956 220 1 1994 Feb 15 Eur. J. Biochem. Purification and characterisation of a water-soluble ferrochelatase from Bacillus subtilis. 201-8 Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase is encoded by the hemH gene of the hemEHY gene cluster and catalyses the incorporation of Fe2+ into protoporphyrin IX. B. subtilis ferrochelatase produced in Escherichia coli was purified. It was found to be a monomeric, water-soluble enzyme of molecular mass 35 kDa which in addition to Fe2+ can incorporate Zn2+ and Cu2+ into protoporphyrin IX. Chemical modification experiments indicated that the single cysteine residue in the ferrochelatase is required for enzyme activity although it is not a conserved residue compared to other ferrochelatases. In growing B. subtilis, the ferrochelatase constitutes approximately 0.05% (by mass) of the total cell protein, which corresponds to some 600 ferrochelatase molecules/cell. The turnover number of isolated ferrochelatase, 18-29 min-1, was found to be consistent with the rate of haem synthesis in exponentially growing cells (0.2 mol haem formed/min/mol enzyme). It is concluded that the B. subtilis ferrochelatase has enzymic properties which are similar to those of other characterised ferrochelatases of known primary structure, i.e. ferrochelatases of the mitochondrial inner membrane of yeast and mammalian cells. However, in contrast to these enzymes the B. subtilis enzyme is a water-soluble protein and should be more amenable to structural analysis. Department of Microbiology, Lund University, Sweden. Hansson M M Hederstedt L L eng Journal Article

GERMANY Eur J Biochem 0107600 7732-18-5 Water EC 4.99.1.1 Ferrochelatase IM hemE hemH hemY Amino Acid Sequence Bacillus subtilis enzymology genetics Catalysis Cloning, Molecular Escherichia coli enzymology genetics Ferrochelatase genetics isolation & purification metabolism Gene Deletion Genes, Bacterial Kinetics Molecular Sequence Data Molecular Weight Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Solubility Water 8655018 1996 07 30 1996 07 30 2005 11 16

0017-0011 67 1 1996 Jan Ginekol. Pol. [Effect of fetal and neonatal growth on the occurrence of some diseases in adults] 34-6 The findings of many authors show that reduced fetal growth is followed by increased mortality from cardiovascular disease in adult life. They are further evidence that cardiovascular disease originates, among other risk factors, through programming of the bodies structure and metabolism during fetal and early post-natal life. Wrong maternal nutrition may have an important influence on programming. Katedry i Zakładu Chemii i Analizy Leków, AM w Katowicach. Jendryczko A A Poreba R R pol Journal Article Retracted Publication Review Wpływ przebiegu rozwoju płodu i noworodka na ujawnienie sie niektórych chorób okresu dorosłego.

POLAND Ginekol Pol 0374641 IM Ginekol Pol. 1998 Jul;69(7):561 9867475 Ginekol Pol. 1998 Jul;69(7):559-60 9867474 Adult Cardiovascular Diseases etiology mortality Child Development physiology Embryonic and Fetal Development physiology English Abstract Fetal Growth Retardation complications physiopathology Humans Infant, Newborn Nutrition Risk Factors Survival Rate 11 9110943 1996 10 23 1996 10 23 2005 11 17

1059-2725 Doc No 200-201 1996 Jul 30 Conservative management of mechanical neck disorders. A systematic overview and meta-analysis. [34457 words; 185 paragraphs] OBJECTIVE: This overview reports the efficacy of conservative treatments (drug therapy, manual therapy, patient education, physical medicine modalities) in reducing pain in adults with mechanical neck disorders. METHODS: Computerized bibliographic database searches from 1985 to December 1993, information requests from authors, and bibliography screenings were used to identify published and unpublished research. Applying strict criteria, two investigators independently reviewed the blinded articles. Each selected trial was evaluated independently for methodologic quality. RESULTS: Twenty-four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and eight before-after studies met our selection criteria. Twenty RCTs rated moderately strong or better in terms of methodologic quality. Five trials using manual therapy in combination with other treatments were clinically similar, were statistically not heterogeneous (p = 0.98), and were combined to yield an effect size of -0.6 (95% CI: -0.9, -0.4), equivalent to a 16 point improvement on a 100 point pain scale. Four RCTs using physical medicine modalities were combined using the inverse chi-square method: two using electromagnetic therapy produced a significant reduction in pain (p < 0.01); and two using laser therapy did not differ significantly from a placebo (p = 0.63). Little or no scientific evidence exists for other therapies, including such commonly used treatments as medication, rest and exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of methodologic quality, the best available evidence supports the use of manual therapies in combination with other treatments for short-term relief of neck pain. There is some support for the use of electromagnetic therapy and against the use of laser therapy. In general, other interventions have not been studied in enough detail adequately to assess efficacy or effectiveness. This overview provides the foundation for an evidence-based approach to practice. More robust design and methodology should be used in future research, in particular, the use of valid and reliable outcomes measures. Chedoke-McMaster Hospitals & Schools of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Gross A R AR Aker P D PD Goldsmith C H CH Peloso P P eng Journal Article Meta-Analysis

UNITED STATES Online J Curr Clin Trials 9300367A IM Acupuncture Therapy Adult Chiropractic Databases, Bibliographic Humans Manipulation, Orthopedic Neck Injuries Pain drug therapy rehabilitation therapy Patient Education Physical Therapy Modalities Randomized Controlled Trials Reproducibility of Results Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Wounds and Injuries drug therapy rehabilitation therapy 11612527 1991 03 18 1991 03 18 2004 11 17

0032-4728 44 3 1990 Nov On the origins of the United States Government's international population policy. 385-99 Donaldson P J PJ eng Historical Article Journal Article

ENGLAND Popul Stud (Camb) 0376427 E Q QO Demography History, Modern 1601- Politics Statistics history United States World Health 36117 Agency for International Development Genetics and Reproduction 50 fn. KIE Bib: population control 11675721 1976 07 01 1976 07 01 2004 11 17

0024-2160 2 2 1974 Jun Thomas Dover's "Ancient physician's legacy". 228 Payne L M LM eng Biography Historical Article Journal Article

ENGLAND Library (Lond) 100969413 Q QO Bibliography Great Britain History, Modern 1601- Printing history Dover T T 8863847 1996 11 25 1996 11 25 2004 11 17

0026-895X 50 4 1996 Oct Mol. Pharmacol. Mechanism of extracellular ATP-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. 1000-9 The mitogenic effect of extracellular ATP was examined in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). ATP, 2-methylthio-ATP, and ADP stimulated [3H]thymidine and [3H]leucine incorporation and cell growth. AMP, adenosine, UTP, and P2x agonists showed little of these effects. Reactive blue 2, a P2Y purinoceptor antagonist, was effective in suppressing the mitogenic effect of ATP and 2-methylthio-ATP, indicating that extracellular ATP-induced VSMC proliferation is mediated by P2Y purinoceptors. The P2Y purinoceptor activation was coupled to a pertussis toxin (PTX)-insensitive G protein (Gq) and triggered phosphoinositide hydrolysis with subsequent activation of protein kinase C (PKC), Raf-1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in VSMCs. In response to ATP, both 42-and 44-kDa MAPKs were activated, and tyrosine was phosphorylated. Western blot analysis using PKC isozyme-specific antibodies indicated that VSMCs express PKC-alpha, PKC-delta, and PKC-zeta. A complete down-regulation of PKC-alpha and PKC-delta was seen after 24-hr treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. When cells were pretreated with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate for 24 hr and subsequently challenged with ATP, Raf-1 activation and 42-kDa as well as 44-kDa MAPK tyrosine phosphorylation failed to be induced. These results demonstrate that ATP-induced Raf-1 and MAPK activations involve the activation of PKC-alpha and PKC-delta. P2Y purinoceptor stimulation with ATP also caused accumulation of c-fos and c-myc mRNAs. Both Reactive blue 2 and staurosporine significantly blocked this increase by ATP. In conclusion, the mitogenic effect of ATP seemed to be triggered by activation of the Gq protein-coupled P2Y purinoceptor that led to the formation of inositol trisphosphate and activation of PKC. PKC and, in turn, Raf-1 and MAPK were then activated, leading eventually to DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. Department of Pharmacology, Chang Gung College of Medicine and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. smyu@cguaplo.cgu.edu Yu S M SM Chen S F SF Lau Y T YT Yang C M CM Chen J C JC eng Journal Article Retracted Publication

UNITED STATES Mol Pharmacol 0035623 0 Proto-Oncogene Proteins 0 RNA, Messenger 0 Receptors, Purinergic P2 0 Transcription Factors 10028-17-8 Tritium 50-89-5 Thymidine 56-65-5 Adenosine Triphosphate 61-90-5 Leucine 9007-49-2 DNA EC 2.7.1.123 Ca(2+)-Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase EC 2.7.1.37 Protein Kinase C EC 2.7.1.37 Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases EC 2.7.1.37 Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf EC 3.6.1.- GTP-Binding Proteins IM Mol Pharmacol 1997 Mar;51(3):533 Wu D, Yang CM, Lau YT, Chen JC. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):346 9499167 Adenosine Triphosphate pharmacology Animals Aorta cytology drug effects metabolism Ca(2+)-Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase metabolism Cell Count Cell Division drug effects Cells, Cultured DNA biosynthesis Enzyme Activation Extracellular Space metabolism GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism physiology In Vitro Leucine metabolism Muscle, Smooth, Vascular cytology drug effects metabolism Protein Kinase C metabolism Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism Proto-Oncogene Proteins metabolism Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf RNA, Messenger metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Receptors, Purinergic P2 physiology Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Signal Transduction physiology Stimulation, Chemical Thymidine metabolism Transcription Factors biosynthesis Tritium 8941094 1997 01 02 1997 01 02 2004 11 17

0009-7322 94 11 1996 Dec 1 Circulation Assessment of myocardial viability in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Rest-4-hour-24-hour 201Tl tomography versus dobutamine echocardiography. 2712-9 BACKGROUND: To date, late redistribution after resting 201Tl injection has not been evaluated. In addition, the concordance between resting 201Tl imaging and dobutamine echocardiography in identifying viable myocardium has not been assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty patients with coronary artery disease underwent rest-4-hour-24-hour 201Tl tomography and dobutamine echocardiography (5 to 10 micrograms.kg-1.min-1). Late redistribution occurred in 46 (21%) of 219 persistent defects at 4 hours. Systolic function and contractile reserve were similar among persistent defects at 4 hours with and without late redistribution. Contractile reserve was more frequent in segments with normal 201Tl uptake (59%), completely reversible defects (53%), or mild to moderate defects at 4 hours (56%) compared with severe defects (14%; P < .02 versus all). Of 105 hypokinetic segments, 99 (94%) were viable by 201Tl, and 88 (84%) showed contractile reserve. In contrast, of 155 akinetic segments, 119 (77%) were viable by 201Tl, but only 34 (22%) had contractile reserve. Concordance between 201Tl and dobutamine was 82% in hypokinetic segments but 43% in akinetic segments. In 109 revascularized segments, positive accuracy for functional recovery was 72% for 201Tl and 92% for dobutamine, whereas negative accuracy was 100% and 65%, respectively. Sensitivity was 100% for 201Tl and 79% for dobutamine. CONCLUSIONS: Late redistribution occurs in one fifth of persistent defects at 4 hours, and it does not correlate to systolic function or contractile reserve. Dobutamine and 201Tl yield concordant information in the majority of hypokinetic segments, whereas concordance is low in akinetic segments. Dobutamine demonstrates higher positive accuracy and sensitivity in predicting recovery of dysfunctional myocardium, whereas 201Tl shows higher negative predictive accuracy but reduced positive accuracy. Division of Cardiology, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy. Perrone-Filardi P P Pace L L Prastaro M M Squame F F Betocchi S S Soricelli A A Piscione F F Indolfi C C Crisci T T Salvatore M M Chiariello M M eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Circulation 0147763 0 Thallium Radioisotopes 34368-04-2 Dobutamine AIM IM Circulation. 1996 Dec 1;94(11):2674-80 8941085 Circulation. 1996 Dec 1;94(11):2681-4 8941086 Circulation. 1996 Dec 1;94(11):2685-8 8941087 Circulation. 1997 Oct 21;96(8):2740-2 9355926 Aged Cell Survival Chronic Disease Circadian Rhythm Coronary Disease physiopathology radionuclide imaging ultrasonography Dobutamine diagnostic use Echocardiography Follow-Up Studies Heart radionuclide imaging Humans Male Middle Aged Myocardial Contraction Myocardial Revascularization Rest Systole Thallium Radioisotopes diagnostic use pharmacokinetics Time Factors Ventricular Dysfunction, Left radionuclide imaging therapy ultrasonography 9394824 1998 01 02 1998 01 02 2005 11 17

0014-2980 27 11 1997 Nov Eur. J. Immunol. Hypermutation, diversity and dissemination of human intestinal lamina propria plasma cells. 2959-64 In this work we have microdissected lamina propria plasma cells and used polymerase chain reaction and sequencing to investigate immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements and mutations in human intestine. In addition, specific primers were designed for individual Ig gene rearrangements to analyze the distribution of related B cell and plasma cell clones at different sites along the bowel. Confirming our earlier work, intestinal IgVH genes were highly mutated in plasma cells from older individuals (> 30 years). IgVH genes were significantly less mutated in samples taken from patients aged 11-30 years, and there were fewer mutations again in samples from young children (< 11 years). In age-matched specimens the number of mutations was equivalent in the duodenum and colon. Using complementarity-determining region 3 primers to amplify specific Ig gene rearrangements, evidence was also found for the existence of related lamina propria plasma cells along the small bowel and colon, although these were quite scarce. In addition, analysis of the numbers of related clones in a random sampling from discrete areas of lamina propria indicates that the local population is diverse. These results suggest that the highly mutated IgVH genes in adult intestinal plasma cells are a consequence of chronic antigen exposure with age. Duodenal plasma cells are as highly mutated as colonic plasma cells, despite the fact that the upper bowel has no indigenous microbial flora (the stimulus for intestinal plasma cells). They also show that the plasma cell population is diverse and can be widely disseminated along the bowel. Department of Histopathology, UMDS, London, Great Britain. Dunn-Walters D K DK Boursier L L Spencer J J eng GENBANK Z93128 Z93129 Z93130 Z93131 Z93132 Z93133 Z93134 Z93135 Z93136 Z93137 Z93138 Z93139 Z93140 Z93141 Z93142 Z93143 Z93144 Z93145 Z93146 Z93147 Z93148 Z93149 Z93150 Z93151 Z93152 Z93153 Z93154 Z93155 Z93156 Z93157 Journal Article

GERMANY Eur J Immunol 1273201 0 Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains 0 Immunoglobulin Variable Region IM Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging genetics immunology Base Sequence Child Colon immunology metabolism Duodenum immunology metabolism Gene Rearrangement immunology Genes, Immunoglobulin Humans Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains genetics Immunoglobulin Variable Region genetics Infant Intestinal Mucosa cytology immunology Middle Aged Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Organ Specificity genetics immunology Plasma Cells immunology metabolism Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 9482442 1998 03 18 1998 03 18 2004 11 17

0140-6736 351 9101 1998 Feb 14 Lancet A woman with nodules in her lungs. 494 Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland. Järveläinen H H Vainionpää H H Kuopio T T Lehtonen A A eng Case Reports Journal Article

ENGLAND Lancet 2985213R 0 Powders 7631-86-9 Silicon Dioxide AIM IM Lancet 1998 Jun 27;351(9120):1968 Lancet 1998 Mar 7;351(9104):760 Aged Female Humans Naturopathy Powders Silicon Dioxide administration & dosage Silicosis etiology radiography 9505772 1998 03 24 1998 03 24 2004 11 17

0007-0912 80 1 1998 Jan Myocardial ischaemia after coronary artery bypass grafting: early vs late extubation. 20-5 The technique of early extubation after coronary artery bypass grafting is increasing in popularity, but its safety and effect on myocardial ischaemia remain to be established. In a randomized, prospective study, patients undergoing routine elective coronary artery bypass grafting were managed with either early or late tracheal extubation. The incidence and severity of electrocardiographic myocardial ischaemia were compared. Data were analysed from 85 patients (43 early extubation; 42 late extubation). Median time to extubation was 110 min in the early extubation patients and 757 min in the late extubation patients. After correction for randomization bias, there were no significant differences between groups in ischaemic burden, maximal ST-segment deviation, incidence of ischaemia and area under the ST deviation-time curve (integral of ST deviation and time). Similarly, there were no differences between groups in postoperative creatine kinase MB-isoenzyme concentrations and duration of stay in the ICU or hospital. Therefore, this study provides evidence for the safety of early extubation after routine coronary artery bypass grafting. Cardiothoracic Centre Liverpool-NHS Trust. Berry P D PD Thomas S D SD Mahon S P SP Jackson M M Fox M A MA Fabri B B Weir W I WI Russell G N GN eng Clinical Trial Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial

ENGLAND Br J Anaesth 0372541 IM Br J Anaesth 1998 Apr;80(4):572 Br J Anaesth 1998 Jul;81(1):111 Adult Aged Coronary Artery Bypass adverse effects Electrocardiography Female Humans Intubation, Intratracheal methods Male Middle Aged Myocardial Ischemia etiology Postoperative Care methods Postoperative Period Prospective Studies Treatment Outcome 9575322 1998 05 12 1998 05 12 2005 11 16

0002-838X 57 8 1998 Apr 15 Lumbar spine stenosis: a common cause of back and leg pain. 1825-34, 1839-40 Lumbar spine stenosis most commonly affects the middle-aged and elderly population. Entrapment of the cauda equina roots by hypertrophy of the osseous and soft tissue structures surrounding the lumbar spinal canal is often associated with incapacitating pain in the back and lower extremities, difficulty ambulating, leg paresthesias and weakness and, in severe cases, bowel or bladder disturbances. The characteristic syndrome associated with lumbar stenosis is termed neurogenic intermittent claudication. This condition must be differentiated from true claudication, which is caused by atherosclerosis of the pelvofemoral vessels. Although many conditions may be associated with lumbar canal stenosis, most cases are idiopathic. Imaging of the lumbar spine performed with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging often demonstrates narrowing of the lumbar canal with compression of the cauda equina nerve roots by thickened posterior vertebral elements, facet joints, marginal osteophytes or soft tissue structures such as the ligamentum flavum or herniated discs. Treatment for symptomatic lumbar stenosis is usually surgical decompression. Medical treatment alternatives, such as bed rest, pain management and physical therapy, should be reserved for use in debilitated patients or patients whose surgical risk is prohibitive as a result of concomitant medical conditions. University Hospitals of Cleveland/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Alvarez J A JA Hardy R H RH Jr eng Journal Article Review

UNITED STATES Am Fam Physician 1272646 AIM IM Am Fam Physician. 1999 Jan 15;59(2):280, 283-4 9930124 Diagnosis, Differential Humans Low Back Pain etiology Lumbosacral Region Pain etiology Patient Education Spinal Stenosis complications diagnosis physiopathology therapy Teaching Materials 13 9626910 1998 08 12 1998 08 12 2004 11 17

0047-1828 62 5 1998 May Jpn. Circ. J. Hepatitis C virus infection and heart diseases: a multicenter study in Japan. 389-91 As a collaborative research project of the Committees for the Study of Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy, a questionnaire was sent out to 19 medical institutions in Japan in order to examine the possible association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cardiomyopathies. Hepatitis C virus antibody was found in 74 of 697 patients (10.6%) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (mean age, 57.7 years) and in 42 of 663 patients (6.3%) with dilated cardiomyopathy (mean age, 56.5 years); these prevalences were significantly higher than that found in volunteer blood donors in Japan (2.4%, 50-59 years of age, each p<0.0001). The prevalence was significantly higher in patients suffering from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as opposed to those with dilated cardiomyopathy (p<0.01). The presence of HCV antibody was detected in 650 of 11,967 patients (5.4%) patients seeking care in 5 academic hospitals. Various cardiac abnormalities were found among these patients, arrhythmias being the most frequent. These observations suggest that HCV infection is an important cause of a variety of otherwise unexplained heart diseases. Kyoto University, Japan. Matsumori A A Ohashi N N Hasegawa K K Sasayama S S Eto T T Imaizumi T T Izumi T T Kawamura K K Kawana M M Kimura A A Kitabatake A A Matsuzaki M M Nagai R R Tanaka H H Hiroe M M Hori M M Inoko H H Seko Y Y Sekiguchi M M Shimotohno K K Sugishita Y Y Takeda N N Takihara K K Tanaka M M Yokoyama M M eng Journal Article Multicenter Study

AUSTRALIA Jpn Circ J 7806868 0 Hepatitis C Antibodies IM Cardiomyopathies epidemiology etiology virology Heart virology Heart Diseases epidemiology etiology virology Hepacivirus immunology Hepatitis C complications Hepatitis C Antibodies blood Humans Japan epidemiology Middle Aged Myocardium immunology pathology Prevalence Questionnaires Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 9627170 1998 08 25 1998 08 25 2005 11 16

1435-2443 383 1 1998 Mar Outcome of patients with sepsis and septic shock after ICU treatment. 44-8 OBJECTIVE: Today, sepsis syndrome is the leading cause of death in adult, non-coronary intensive care units (ICUs) and is of great clinical importance. The purpose of this review was to evaluate recent prospective studies concerning the short- and long-term prognosis of patients suffering from systemic inflammatory-response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock. It has been shown in multicentre prospective surveys that 1% and 0.3% of all patients admitted to hospitals suffer, respectively, from bacteraemia alone and bacteraemia with severe sepsis. This rate increases, of course, when only admissions to the ICUs are considered: the above-mentioned rates increase then by a factor of 8 and 30, respectively. Thus, approximately 10% of patients in the ICU suffer from sepsis, 6% from severe sepsis and 2-3% from septic shock. SIRS occurs more frequently and its occurrence ranges from 40% to 70% of all patients admitted to ICUs. Thereby, 40-70% suffering from SIRS progress to a more severe septic-disease state. The overall prognosis is still poor, despite the recent advances in ICU treatment. The mortality rate of SIRS ranges from 6% to 7% and in septic shock amounts to over 50%. In particular, abdominal sepsis exhibits the highest mortality rate with 72%. The long-term prognosis is equally poor; only approximately 30% survived the first year after hospital admission. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of sepsis and septic shock remains poor, despite the advances in ICU treatment. Although prognostic factors have been identified for some patients, groups have not yet been able to identify the immediate or long-term prognosis for the majority of these septic patients. Department of General Surgery, University of Ulm, Germany. Schoenberg M H MH Weiss M M Radermacher P P eng Journal Article Review

GERMANY Langenbecks Arch Surg 9808285 IM Adult Bacteremia mortality therapy Cause of Death Female Humans Intensive Care Male Prognosis Prospective Studies Sepsis Syndrome mortality therapy Shock, Septic mortality therapy Surgical Wound Infection mortality therapy Survival Rate 21 9634358 1998 06 18 1998 06 18 2004 03 31

0022-1899 177 6 1998 Jun J. Infect. Dis. Retraction: A rabbit model for human cytomeglovirus--induced chorioretinal disease (J Infect Dis 1993;168:336-44). 1778 Dunkel E C EC Scheer D I DI Zhu Q Q Whitley R J RJ Schaffer P A PA Pavan-Langston D D Whitely R J RJ eng Retraction of Publication

UNITED STATES J Infect Dis 0413675 AIM IM J Infect Dis 1998 Aug;178(2):601 Whitely RJ [corrected to Whitley RJ] Dunkel EC, de Freitas D, Scheer DI, Siegel ML, Zhu Q, Whitley RJ, Schaffer PA, Pavan-Langston D. J Infect Dis. 1993 Aug;168(2):336-44 8393056 9861576 1999 03 29 1999 03 29 2004 11 17

0268-1315 13 6 1998 Nov Cardiac side-effects of two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in middle-aged and elderly depressed patients. 263-7 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the 'new' drugs of first choice for the treatment of depression in the older patient. Systematic studies on the effects of SSRIs on cardiac function are scarce, despite the high prevalence of cardiac disorders in the older depressed patient. This is a study which systematically assessed cardiac function by echocardiography in middle-aged and elderly depressed patients treated with SSRI. In a double-blind randomized trial, 20 patients were assigned to receive fluvoxamine 100 mg/day [corrected] or fluoxetine 20 mg/day [corrected] for 6 weeks. Cardiac function was assessed by left ventricle ejection fraction, aortic flow integral and early or passive/late or active mitral inflow, and electrocardiography. Neither SSRI significantly affected cardiac function. Compared with patients without a history of myocardial infarction and/or hypertension, patients with such a history showed a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction. Despite our small study sample, these data indicate that both fluoxetine and fluvoxamine do not affect cardiac function adversely. Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Hospital, The Netherlands. Strik J J JJ Honig A A Lousberg R R Cheriex E C EC Van Praag H M HM eng Clinical Trial Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial

ENGLAND Int Clin Psychopharmacol 8609061 0 Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors 54739-18-3 Fluvoxamine 54910-89-3 Fluoxetine IM Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1999 Mar;14(2):138 Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases chemically induced physiopathology Comparative Study Depressive Disorder complications drug therapy Double-Blind Method Echocardiography Electrocardiography drug effects Female Fluoxetine adverse effects therapeutic use Fluvoxamine adverse effects therapeutic use Humans Male Middle Aged Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors adverse effects therapeutic use 9885794 1999 03 29 1999 03 29 2004 11 17

0893-133X 20 2 1999 Feb Neuropsychopharmacology Antipsychotic potential of CCK-based treatments: an assessment using the prepulse inhibition model of psychosis. 141-9 Systemic injections of cholecystokinin (CCK), a "gut-brain" peptide, have been shown to modulate brain dopamine function and produce neuroleptic-like effects on such dopamine-regulated behaviors as locomotor activity. However, clinical trials of CCK agonists in schizophrenia patients showed mixed results. To re-examine the antipsychotic potential of CCK-based treatments, we examined systemic injections of CCK analogs in an animal model with strong face and construct validity for sensorimotor-gating deficits seen in schizophrenia patients and with strong predictive validity for antipsychotic drug activity. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) occurs when a weak acoustic lead stimulus ("prepulse") inhibits the startle response to a sudden loud sound ("pulse"). PPI is significantly reduced in schizophrenia patients and rats treated with dopamine agonists. Antipsychotics reverse decreased PPI in rats to a degree highly correlated with their clinical efficacy. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of caerulein (10 micrograms/kg) a mixed CCKA/B agonist, partially reversed amphetamine-induced reduction of PPI; whereas, s.c. haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) totally reversed amphetamine-induced disruption of PPI. Caerulein's effect on PPI was blocked by pretreatment with a CCKA antagonist (devazepide) but not a CCKB antagonist (L-365,260). CCK-4, a preferential CCKB agonist, had no significant effect on PPI. These results suggest that caerulein produces a weak neuroleptic-like effect on PPI that is mediated by stimulation of CCKA receptors. Possible circuities in this effect are discussed. In a separate experiment, s.c. caerulein produced to a more potent neuroleptic-like profile on amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, suggesting that selection of preclinical paradigms may be important in evaluating the antipsychotic potential of CCK-based treatments. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-8620, USA. Feifel D D Reza T T Robeck S S eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Neuropsychopharmacology 8904907 0 Antipsychotic Agents 0 Gastrointestinal Agents 0 Receptors, Cholecystokinin 17650-98-5 Caerulein 1947-37-1 Tetragastrin 52-86-8 Haloperidol 9011-97-6 Cholecystokinin IM Animals Antipsychotic Agents administration & dosage therapeutic use Behavior, Animal drug effects Caerulein therapeutic use Cholecystokinin physiology Gastrointestinal Agents therapeutic use Haloperidol administration & dosage therapeutic use Injections, Subcutaneous Male Motor Activity drug effects Psychotic Disorders drug therapy psychology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Receptors, Cholecystokinin antagonists & inhibitors drug effects Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Startle Reaction drug effects Tetragastrin antagonists & inhibitors pharmacology 9929727 1999 04 28 1999 04 28 2004 11 17

0300-2896 34 11 1998 Dec Arch. Bronconeumol. [Tobacco control in children, adolescents and young people: knowledge, prevention and action] 564 de Granda Orive J I JI Peña Miguel T T Morato Arnáiz A A spa Comment Letter La lucha contra el tabaco en los niños, adolescentes y jóvenes: conocimiento, prevención y actuación.

SPAIN Arch Bronconeumol 0354720 IM Arch Bronconeumol. 1998 Apr;34(4):199-203 9611655 Adolescent Adult Child Female Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Humans Male Smoking prevention & control 10078868 1999 06 09 1999 06 09 2005 11 17

0041-0101 37 2 1999 Feb Toxicon Bibliography of toxinology. 399-404 eng Bibliography

ENGLAND Toxicon 1307333 0 Toxins, Biological IM Toxins, Biological 10083987 1999 05 11 1999 05 11 2004 11 17

0832-610X 46 2 1999 Feb Complete airway obstruction. 99-104 Crosby E T ET eng fre Comment Editorial

CANADA Can J Anaesth 8701709 0 Anesthetics, Local IM Can J Anaesth. 1999 Feb;46(2):176-8 10083999 Airway Obstruction etiology surgery Anesthesiology education Anesthetics, Local administration & dosage Cervical Vertebrae injuries Conscious Sedation adverse effects methods Humans Intubation, Intratracheal adverse effects instrumentation methods Laryngoscopes Laryngoscopy adverse effects methods Tracheostomy 10097079 1999 05 12 1999 05 12 2004 11 17

0027-8424 96 7 1999 Mar 30 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Thermal adaptation analyzed by comparison of protein sequences from mesophilic and extremely thermophilic Methanococcus species. 3578-83 The genome sequence of the extremely thermophilic archaeon Methanococcus jannaschii provides a wealth of data on proteins from a thermophile. In this paper, sequences of 115 proteins from M. jannaschii are compared with their homologs from mesophilic Methanococcus species. Although the growth temperatures of the mesophiles are about 50 degrees C below that of M. jannaschii, their genomic G+C contents are nearly identical. The properties most correlated with the proteins of the thermophile include higher residue volume, higher residue hydrophobicity, more charged amino acids (especially Glu, Arg, and Lys), and fewer uncharged polar residues (Ser, Thr, Asn, and Gln). These are recurring themes, with all trends applying to 83-92% of the proteins for which complete sequences were available. Nearly all of the amino acid replacements most significantly correlated with the temperature change are the same relatively conservative changes observed in all proteins, but in the case of the mesophile/thermophile comparison there is a directional bias. We identify 26 specific pairs of amino acids with a statistically significant (P < 0.01) preferred direction of replacement. Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, B103 Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, 601 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Haney P J PJ Badger J H JH Buldak G L GL Reich C I CI Woese C R CR Olsen G J GJ eng GENBANK AF078607 AF078608 AF078609 AF078610 AF078611 AF078612 AF078613 AF078614 AF078615 AF078616 AF078617 AF078618 AF078619 AF078620 AF078621 AF078622 AF078623 AF078624 AF078625 AF078626 AF078627 AF078628 AF078629 AF078630 AF078631 AF078632 AF078633 AF078634 AF078635 AF078636 GM07283 GM NIGMS Journal Article

UNITED STATES Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 7505876 0 Bacterial Proteins IM S Acclimatization Amino Acid Sequence Amino Acid Substitution Bacterial Proteins chemistry genetics Comparative Study Methanococcus genetics metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Protein Conformation Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Species Specificity Temperature NASA Discipline Exobiology Non-NASA Center Woese C R CR U IL, Urbana 10101342 1999 04 15 1999 04 15 2005 11 17

0733-8627 17 1 1999 Feb Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. Evaluation of the patient with extremity trauma: an evidence based approach. 77-95, viii This article reviews relevant literature to provide evidence based guidelines for the evaluation of patients with extremity trauma in the emergency department. The development of clinical decision rules for extremity trauma in the ankle and knee, and guidelines for obtaining postreduction radiographs of shoulder dislocations and nursemaid's elbows are discussed. Division of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Kaufman D D Leung J J eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Emerg Med Clin North Am 8219565 IM Ankle Injuries etiology radiography therapy Decision Support Techniques Emergencies Extremities injuries radiography Fractures, Bone etiology radiography therapy Humans Knee Injuries etiology radiography therapy Practice Guidelines Shoulder Dislocation etiology radiography therapy 10188493 1999 04 13 1999 04 13 2004 11 17

1354-5760 5 8 1998 Dec-1999 Jan Women's health osteopathy: an alternative view. 6-9 Hyne J J eng Journal Article

ENGLAND Nurs Manag (Harrow) 9433248 N Female Great Britain Humans Osteopathic Medicine methods State Medicine Women's Health 10192114 1999 06 01 1999 06 01 2004 11 17

0031-7144 54 3 1999 Mar Antimicrobial activity of some Nepalese medicinal plants. 232-4 Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany. Rajbhandari M M Schöpke T T eng Journal Article

GERMANY Pharmazie 9800766 0 Anti-Bacterial Agents 0 Plant Extracts IM Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification pharmacology Gram-Positive Bacteria drug effects Microbial Sensitivity Tests Nepal Plant Extracts pharmacology Plants, Medicinal chemistry Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 10192115 1999 06 01 1999 06 01 2004 11 17

0031-7144 54 3 1999 Mar Different kinetics of hydroquinone depletion in various medicinal plant tissue cultures producing arbutin. 234-5 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. Jahodár L L Dusková J J Polásek M M Papugová P P eng Journal Article

GERMANY Pharmazie 9800766 0 Hydroquinones 497-76-7 Arbutin IM Arbutin analysis biosynthesis Culture Techniques Flow Injection Analysis Hydroquinones analysis chemistry Kinetics Plants, Medicinal metabolism 10331748 1999 06 01 1999 06 01 2005 11 17

0031-9023 79 5 1999 May Looking for the Forrest. 454-5 Rothstein J M JM eng Editorial

UNITED STATES Phys Ther 0022623 AIM IM Empathy Humans Knowledge Physical Therapy Modalities Professional-Patient Relations Social Change Violence psychology 10331749 1999 06 01 1999 06 01 2004 11 17

0031-9023 79 5 1999 May Effects of side lying on lung function in older individuals. 456-66 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Body positioning exerts a strong effect on pulmonary function, but its effect on other components of the oxygen transport pathway are less well understood, especially the effects of side-lying positions. This study investigated the interrelationships between side-lying positions and indexes of lung function such as spirometry, alveolar diffusing capacity, and inhomogeneity of ventilation in older individuals. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Nineteen nonsmoking subjects (mean age=62.8 years, SD=6.8, range=50-74) with no history of cardiac or pulmonary disease were tested over 2 sessions. The test positions were sitting and left side lying in one session and sitting and right side lying in the other session. In each of the positions, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), single-breath pulmonary diffusing capacity (DLCO/VA), and the slope of phase III (DN2%/L) of the single-breath nitrogen washout test to determine inhomogeneity of ventilation were measured. RESULTS: Compared with measurements obtained in the sitting position, FVC and FEV1 were decreased equally in the side-lying positions, but no change was observed in DLCO/VA or DN2%/L. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Side-lying positions resulted in decreases in FVC and FEV1, which is consistent with the well-documented effects of the supine position. These findings further support the need for prescriptive rather than routine body positioning of patients with risks of cardiopulmonary compromise and the need to use upright positions in which lung volumes and capacities are maximized. Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Manning F F Dean E E Ross J J Abboud R T RT eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Phys Ther 0022623 AIM IM S Aged physiology Breath Tests Female Forced Expiratory Volume physiology Heart Diseases prevention & control Humans Lung Diseases prevention & control Male Middle Aged Posture physiology Predictive Value of Tests Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity physiology Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Spirometry Vital Capacity physiology 10389168 1999 07 15 1999 07 15 2003 11 14

0869-8139 85 1 1999 Jan [Ethanol modifies the ion selectivity of sodium channels in the rat sensory neurons] 110-8 Ethanol was shown to decrease the reversal potential of tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTXr) and TTX-sensitive channels in short-term culture of the dorsal root ganglion cells. The ethanol led to alterations in ionic selectivity of the TTXr channels (its shifting from the X-th Eisenmann selectivity sequence to the XI-th one). The data obtained suggest that the findings were due to selectivity filter modification because of disturbed hydrogen bounds in the channel macromolecule. I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Acad. Sci., St. Petersburg, Russia. Krylov B V BV Vilin Iu Iu IuIu Katina I E IE Podzorova S A SA rus Journal Article Etanol modifitsiruet ionnuiu izbiratel'nost' natrievykh kanalov sensornykh neĭronov krysy.

RUSSIA Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 9715665 0 Cations 0 Sodium Channels 4368-28-9 Tetrodotoxin 64-17-5 Ethanol IM Animals Cations metabolism Cells, Cultured English Abstract Ethanol pharmacology Ganglia, Spinal cytology Ion Channel Gating Neurons, Afferent drug effects metabolism Patch-Clamp Techniques Rats Rats, Wistar Sodium Channels drug effects Tetrodotoxin pharmacology 14796701 1951 12 01 2004 02 15 2005 11 16

0028-0836 166 4234 1950 Dec 23 Nature Reduction by molecular hydrogen of acetoacetate to butyrate by butyric acid bacteria. 1077-8 COHEN G N GN COHEN-BAZIRE G G eng Journal Article

Not Available Nature 0410462 107-92-6 Butyric Acid OM Bacteria Butyric Acid 5120:27591:5:76:156 ACETOACETIC ACID BACTERIA BUTYRIC ACID 13072632 1953 12 01 2003 05 01 2005 11 16

217 2 1953 Jan 5 [Pharmacology of phosphoric acid esters; diethylthiophosphoric acid ester of ethylthioglycol.] 144-52 WIRTH W W und Journal Article Zur Pharmakologie der Phosphorsäureester; diathylthiophosphorsäureester des Athylthioglykol Systox-Wirkstoff.

Not Available Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol 0054224 0 Insecticides 0 Phosphates OM Insecticides Phosphates 5324:43336:331:494 INSECTICIDES PHOSPHATES 13634534 1959 12 01 2000 07 01 2005 11 16

0014-2565 71 6 1958 Dec 31 [Physiopathology of phosphorus and calcium changes and of bone lesions in glomerular nephropathies.] 365-77 LICHTWITZ A A DE SEZE S S PARLIER R R HIOCO D D BORDIER P P STRAUSS M M FERGOLA-MIRAVET L L spa Journal Article Fisiopatología de las modificaciones fosfocálcicas y de las lesiones óseas en las nefropatías glomerulares.

Not Available Rev Clin Esp 8608576 7440-70-2 Calcium 7723-14-0 Phosphorus OM Bone Diseases physiology Calcium metabolism Glomerulonephritis physiology Phosphorus metabolism 5936:8365:92:105:226:416 BONE DISEASES/physiology CALCIUM/metabolism GLOMERULONEPHRITIS/physiology PHOSPHORUS/metabolism 14177620 1964 11 01 1996 12 01 2005 11 17

0016-5662 68 1963 Dec 31 [JEJUNAL BIOPSY AND LIPEMIA TOLERANCE TEST IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS.] SUPPL:4309-22 CESAREBASILE R R GABBRIELLI L L COLAVOLPE V V RULLI V V ita Journal Article BIOPSIA DIGIUNALE E LIPEMIA DA CARICO DEL CIRROTICO.

ITALY Gazz Int Med Chir 0373000 0 Chylomicrons 0 Lipids 0 Lipoproteins OM Ascites Chylomicrons Diabetes Mellitus Gastric Acidity Determination Gastritis Hepatitis A Jaundice Jejunum Lipid Metabolism Lipids blood Lipoproteins Liver Cirrhosis Malaria Pathology Pleurisy Protein Deficiency ASCITES BLOOD LIPIDS CHYLOMICRONS DIABETES MELLITUS GASTRIC ACIDITY DETERMINATION GASTRITIS HEPATITIS, INFECTIOUS JAUNDICE JEJUNUM LIPID METABOLISM LIPOPROTEINS LIVER CIRRHOSIS MALARIA PATHOLOGY PLEURISY PROTEIN DEFICIENCY 14316043 1965 10 01 1996 12 01 2005 11 17

0042-0255 59 1965 Dec-Jan THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DENTIST AND THE DENTAL PROFESSION WITH RESPECT TO JAW FRACTURES. 5-11 PHILLIPS H H eng Journal Article

CANADA Univ Toronto Undergrad Dent J 7905911 OM Dentists Fracture Fixation Fractures, Bone Interprofessional Relations Jaw Mandibular Injuries Maxillofacial Injuries Practice Management, Dental DENTISTS FRACTURE FIXATION FRACTURES INTERPROFESSIONAL RELATIONS JAW MANDIBULAR INJURIES MAXILLOFACIAL INJURIES PRACTICE MANAGEMENT, DENTAL SPECIAL LIST DENTAL 15611660 2005 03 01

1551-4005 4 1 2005 Jan Cell Cycle Altered epigenetic patterning leading to replicative senescence and reduced longevity. A role of a novel SNF2 factor, PASG. 3-5 Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying aging and cancer predisposition remains a fundamentally important goal in biomedicine. The generation of a PASG hypomorphic mutant mouse model shows that PASG, an SNF2 family member, is essential for properly maintaining normal DNA methylation and gene expression patterns. Disruption of PASG leads to decreased incorporation of BrdU, accumulation of senescence-associated tumor suppressor genes, and increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase as well as age-related phenotypes. These observations demonstrate that PASG plays a critical role in maintenance of tissue homeostasis, normal growth and longevity. Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Sun Lin-Quan LQ Arceci Robert J RJ eng Journal Article 2005 01 03

United States Cell Cycle 101137841 IM 15611661 2005 03 01

1551-4005 4 1 2005 Jan Cell Cycle TrkAIII. A novel hypoxia-regulated alternative TrkA splice variant of potential physiological and pathological importance. 8-9 Nerve growth factor receptor TrkA is critical for development and maturation of central and peripheral nervous systems, regulating proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In cancer, TrkA frequently exhibits suppressor activity in nonmutated form and oncogenic activity upon mutation. Our identification of a novel hypoxia-regulated alternative TrkAIII splice variant, expressed by neural crest-derived neuroblastic tumors, that exhibits neuroblastoma tumor promoting activity, adds significantly to our understanding of potential TrkA involvement in cancer. Our observation that hypoxia, which characterizes the tumor micro-environment, stimulates alternative TrkAIII splicing, provides a way by which TrkA tumor suppressing signals may convert to tumor promoting signals during progression and is consistent with conservation and pathological subversion by neural crest-derived neuroblastic tumors of a mechanism of potential physiological importance to normal neural stem/neural crest progenitors. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. Tacconelli Antonella A Farina Antonietta R AR Cappabianca Lucia L Gulino Alberto A Mackay Andrew R AR eng Journal Article 2005 01 05

United States Cell Cycle 101137841 IM 15611667 2005 03 01

1551-4005 4 1 2005 Jan Cell Cycle Replication timing of human chromosome 6. 172-6 Genomic microarrays have been used to assess DNA replication timing in a variety of eukaryotic organisms. A replication timing map of the human genome has already been published at a 1Mb resolution. Here we describe how the same method can be used to assess the replication timing of chromosome 6 with a greater resolution using an array of overlapping tile path clones. We report the replication timing map of the whole of chromosome 6 in general, and the MHC region in particular. Positive correlations are observed between replication timing and a number of genomic features including GC content, repeat content and transcriptional activity. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK. Woodfine Kathryn K Beare David M DM Ichimura Koichi K Debernardi Silvana S Mungall Andrew J AJ Fiegler Heike H Collins V Peter VP Carter Nigel P NP Dunham Ian I eng Journal Article 2005 01 05

United States Cell Cycle 101137841 IM 15968009 2005 06 21 2005 06 27 2005 07 13

1539-3704 142 12 Pt 1 2005 Jun 21 Ann. Intern. Med. The effect of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone replacement therapy on disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomized trial. 953-62 BACKGROUND: There is concern that exogenous female hormones may worsen disease activity in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on disease activity in postmenopausal women with SLE. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled noninferiority trial conducted from March 1996 to June 2002. SETTING: 16 university-affiliated rheumatology clinics or practices in 11 U.S. states. PATIENTS: 351 menopausal patients (mean age, 50 years) with inactive (81.5%) or stable-active (18.5%) SLE. Interventions: 12 months of treatment with active drug (0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen daily, plus 5 mg of medroxyprogesterone for 12 days per month) or placebo. The 12-month follow-up rate was 82% for the HRT group and 87% for the placebo group. MEASUREMENTS: The primary end point was occurrence of a severe flare as defined by Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus, National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index composite. RESULTS: Severe flare was rare in both treatment groups: The 12-month severe flare rate was 0.081 for the HRT group and 0.049 for the placebo group, yielding an estimated difference of 0.033 (P = 0.23). The upper limit of the 1-sided 95% CI for the treatment difference was 0.078, within the prespecified margin of 9% for noninferiority. Mild to moderate flares were significantly increased in the HRT group: 1.14 flares/person-year for HRT and 0.86 flare/person-year for placebo (relative risk, 1.34; P = 0.01). The probability of any type of flare by 12 months was 0.64 for the HRT group and 0.51 for the placebo group (P = 0.01). In the HRT group, there were 1 death, 1 stroke, 2 cases of deep venous thrombosis, and 1 case of thrombosis in an arteriovenous graft; in the placebo group, 1 patient developed deep venous thrombosis. LIMITATIONS: Findings are not generalizable to women with high-titer anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, or previous thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Adding a short course of HRT is associated with a small risk for increasing the natural flare rate of lupus. Most of these flares are mild to moderate. The benefits of HRT can be balanced against the risk for flare because HRT did not significantly increase the risk for severe flare compared with placebo. Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. jill.buyon@nyumc.org Buyon Jill P JP Petri Michelle A MA Kim Mimi Y MY Kalunian Kenneth C KC Grossman Jennifer J Hahn Bevra H BH Merrill Joan T JT Sammaritano Lisa L Lockshin Michael M Alarcón Graciela S GS Manzi Susan S Belmont H Michael HM Askanase Anca D AD Sigler Lisa L Dooley Mary Anne MA Von Feldt Joan J McCune W Joseph WJ Friedman Alan A Wachs Jane J Cronin Mary M Hearth-Holmes Michelene M Tan Mark M Licciardi Frederick F eng ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00000419 AR 43727 AR NIAMS M01 RR00052 RR NCRR M01 RR00096 RR NCRR U01 AR42540 AR NIAMS Clinical Trial Journal Article Multicenter Study Randomized Controlled Trial

United States Ann Intern Med 0372351 0 Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) 520-85-4 Medroxyprogesterone AIM IM Ann Intern Med. 2005 Jun 21;142(12 Pt 1):1014-5 15968016 Ann Intern Med. 2005 Jun 21;142(12 Pt 1):I22 15968006 Adolescent Aged Aged, 80 and over Double-Blind Method Estrogen Replacement Therapy adverse effects Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) therapeutic use Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic physiopathology Medroxyprogesterone therapeutic use Middle Aged Postmenopause Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Risk Factors