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Six Early Modern Anatomical Illustrations

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Drawings of individual organs in inks and opaque watercolors. Illustated are [in upper left] the liver with gallbladder, [in the center] the stomach with intestines, [lower left] the testicles, [lower right] a detail of the stomach, and something unidentified in upper right corner. Undated and unsigned, probably 18th century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20556b

Drawings of individual organs, in inks and opaque watercolors. Illustrated are [at top] a composite rendering of the tongue, larynx, heart, trachea, stomach, and liver; [left] a composite drawing of the ureters, urethra, kidneys, testicles, and penis; [right] the external female genitalia; and [at bottom] a composite rendering of the internal female genitalia with a gravid uterus. Undated and unsigned, probably 18th century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20557a

Illustrations, in ink and opaque watercolors, of a pregnant woman with abdomen and chest opened to reveal the internal organs and fetus; surrounding the figure are drawings of [at the top] two hearts, [lower right] the lungs, and something unidentifed in the lower left (labeled the opening of the vagina). Undated and unsigned, probably 18th century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20554b

Illustrations, in ink and opaque watercolors, of a male figure with his abdomen and chest opened to reveal the internal organs; his right hand holds a second set of genitalia, and a horn is in his other hand, with a sketch of the liver and gallbladder in the upper left corner. Undated and unsigned, probably 18th century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20555a

A drawing in ink and light-gray wash of a skeleton leaning on a pedestal. One of six leaves of anatomical drawings appended to a Persian translation of an Arabic medical compendium. The figure shows some knowledge of the illustrations of Vesalius's Fabrica (possibly available through intermediate interpretations). Undated and unsigned, probably 18th-century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20558b

A drawing in ink and light-gray wash of a skeleton leaning on a scythe. One of six leaves of anatomical drawings appended to a Persian translation of an Arabic medical compendium. The figure shows some knowledge of the illustrations of Vesalius's Fabrica (possibly available through intermediate interpretations). Undated and unsigned, probably 18th-century, India, from NLM MS P 20.

P20559a


Bloodletting and Venous Figures

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Manuscript leaf with two facing images: Lefthand Side: A loose sheet with a bloodletting figure having points labeled that were thought best for phlebotomy. Such figures are derivative from late-medieval European bloodletting figures. Undated, probably 18th century. Righthand Side: A loose sheet with a figure, drawn frontally, showing the venous system. The figure is closely related to those usually associated with the Tashrīḥ-i Manṣūri treatise on human anatomy by Ibn Ilyās, who worked in Shiraz in Iran at the end of the 14th century. Undated, probably 18th century. From NLM MS P 5.

P5204a