United States National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health

Finding Aid to the Thomas C. Chalmers Papers, 1927-1995

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Descriptive Summary

Biographical/Historical Note

Collection Summary

Index Terms

Administrative Information

Restrictions

Series I: Personal and Biographical, 1954-1995

Series II: Subject Files, 1927-1995

Series III: Hepatitis Study (Kyoto, Japan ), 1943-1970

Series IV: Publications, 1954-1995

Series V: Conferences, 1983-1991

Series VI: Audiotapes, 1963

Archives and Modern Manuscripts Program, History of Medicine Division
Processed by Daniel J. Lavoie II; Processing Completed May 2004
Encoded by Daniel J. Lavoie II and John P. Rees


Descriptive Summary
	Collection Number:	MS C 542
	Creator:	Chalmers, Thomas C. (Thomas Clark), 1917-
	Title:	Thomas C. Chalmers Papers
	Dates:	1927-1995
	Quantity:	32.8 linear feet (49 boxes)
	Abstract:	Thomas C. Chalmers, MD, clinician- scientist- teacher- administrator- entrepreneur, played a pivotal role in the scientific development of the randomized control trial and clinical trial meta-analysis. Research files, teaching materials, correspondence, publications, conference packets and notes, audiovisuals, and personal material document his life and medical career.

Biographical/Historical Note

Thomas C. Chalmers, MD, clinician- scientist- teacher- administrator- entrepreneur, was born in Forest Hills, New York, on December 8, 1917 and played a pivotal role in the scientific development of the randomized control trial and clinical trial meta-analysis. He attended Yale College from 1936 to 1939 as an English major and received his M.D. degree from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University in 1943. He spent the following year interning in medicine at Presbyterian Hospital in New York City and completed his residency in 1947 at Harvard Medical Services of the Boston City Hospital.

Over the next six years he served as a part-time physician of the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory while practicing medicine in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1951 he was the principal investigator of the hepatitis treatment research unit of Harvard Medical School in Kyoto, Japan, and his military service was spent doing research as a member of the metabolic unit of the Army Medical Services Graduate School at Walter Reed Medical Center in Washington D.C. From 1955 to 1968 he was Chief of the Medical Services of the Lemuel Shattuck Hospital in Boston and Professor of Medicine at Tufts Medical School, and lecturer at Harvard.

In 1968 Chalmers became head of the research and education program of the Veterans Administration in Washington, D.C. After 18 months, he was appointed Associate Director for Clinical Care and Director of the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health until 1973. During these same years he also served as Professor of Medicine at George Washington University School of Medicine also in Washington, D.C.

After his tenure at NIH, he became President, Dean, and Professor of the Mount Sinai Medical Center and School of Medicine until 1983. During his time at Mount Sinai he created and developed both the Biomathamatical Sciences and the Geriatrics and Adult Development departments.

During the latter half of the 1980s he served as Distinguished Physician at the Boston Veterans Administration Medical Center. In addition, he was also a lecturer at the Harvard School of Public Health, in Epidemiology at Boston University School of Medicine, and in Medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine.

In 1993 he co-founded MetaWorks, Inc. with Susan Ross, M. D. and served as chairman of the company until his death in 1995. Metaworks, Inc. provides evidence-based medical information and is a designated Evidence-Based Practice Center. MetaWorks specializes in acquiring, synthesizing, analyzing, interpreting and delivering medical information in a way that transforms it from raw data into meaningful, actionable evidence. Chalmers' expertise was instrumental in the training of the MetaWorks scientific team, and in establishing the systems and practice standards by which MetaWorks' methods and procedures are governed.

Chalmers held memberships in a number of professional societies, including the Association of American Physicians; the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease, of which he was president in 1959; the American Gastroenterological Association, of which he was president in 1969; and the American Society for Clinical Investigation. He was a fellow of the American College of Physicians and a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.

Chalmers also served on review committees and advisory boards of governmental and national professional bodies, including the National Cancer Institute, National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Disease, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Research Council.

His research interests included the methodology of clinical trials; meta-analysis; clinical gastroenterology and cardiology, and geriatrics. Chalmers realized earlier in his career that many of the treatments he was taught had been disproved by clinical trials. This ultimately changed his views on medicine and led him to pioneer and promote meta-analysis during the latter half of his career through his medical practice, research, and professorial positions. He also advocated the randomized assignment of patients in studies to avoid bias in the selection of treatment. Through his studies of randomized control trials Chalmers proved that had the trials been systematically and cumulatively synthesized, important treatments such as thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction would have been recognized much earlier. In addition, he also demonstrated that the advice given in textbooks and reviews articles did not correspond to the current available evidence when published.

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Collection Summary

Research files, teaching materials, correspondence, publications, conference packets and notes, audiovisuals, and personal material (1951-1995; 29 linear feet) document the life and medical career of Thomas C. Chalmers. Materials cover his career from Harvard Medical School to his final work with MetaWorks, Inc. The majority of the collection consists of subject files containing reports, articles, correspondence, and notes concerning his research interest in the methodology of clinical trials; meta-analysis; clinical gastroenterology and cardiology; and geriatrics. There also exists a small percentage of teaching materials in the subject files from Chalmers' various positions as lecturer and professor of medicine. The bulk of the collection spans the years 1951-1953 and 1970-1995.

The collection is organized into 6 series: Personal and Biographical; Subject Files; Hepatitis Study, Kyoto, Japan; Publications; Conferences; and Audiotapes.

Of significant interest in Series IV: Subject Files, is the material in the Linus Pauling and Vitamin C folders which contain information on Chalmers' debate with Pauling over the efficacy of Vitamin C as a cure for the common cold. These folders include debate transcripts, correspondence, and articles. Also of interest in this series is the MetaWorks Business Plan, 1993. This file folder includes correspondence and a 1993 summary of events relating to the company's inception. In addition, Series V: Hepatitis Study, Kyoto, Japan is also significant for its documentation of Chalmers' 1951 to 1953 hepatitis study. Chalmers later used this study to disprove the common belief that long periods of bed rest were beneficial to those suffering from acute infectious hepatitis. This series includes correspondence, reports, charts, and other data relating to this study.

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Restrictions

Collection is restricted according to HMD's access to health information policy. Contact the Reference Staff for information regarding access. For online customer service, please visit custserv@nlm.nih.gov.

[RESTRICTED] The sub-series "Clinical Trials" contains personal medical records and is restricted according to HMD's access to health information policy. Please consult the Manuscripts Curator for access to these materials.

[RESTRICTED] According to HMD Access to Individual Health Information Policy. Contact Manuscripts Curator for information regarding access.

Copyright

Copyright was transferred to the public domain. Contact the Reference Staff for details regarding rights. For online customer service, please visit custserv@nlm.nih.gov.

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Index Terms
	These terms are indexed in the National Library of Medicine's online catalog LocatorPlus. Researchers wishing to find related materials should search the catalog using these terms.
	MeSH Subjects
		Cardiology
		Clinical Trials
		Evidence-Based Medicine
		Gastroenterology
		Geriatrics
		Hepatitis
		Meta-Analysis
	Corporate Names
		Boston City Hospital
		George Washington University. School of Medicine
		Harvard Medical School
		MetaWorks, Inc
		Mount Auburn Hospital
		Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York
		National Institute of Health (U.S.)
		New England Center Hospital
		Veteran's Administration
		Walter Reed Army Hospital

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Series I: Personal and Biographical, 1954-1995
	This series contains correspondence, notes, and reunion materials relating to Dr. Chalmers' family and personal life. On August 31, 1942, he married his wife Frankie Talcott with whom he had four children. This series includes correspondence with his wife and son Richard, as well as general family letters which detail some of Chalmers' trips abroad. In addition, Chalmers' Philips Exeter Academy Class of 1936 50th Reunion materials are also included in this series. The series is arranged alphabetically by file folder.




Box	Folder
1	1	Boston City Hospital Retirement, 1954-1969
1	2	Compositions and Poems, 1983
1	3	Continuing Medical Education, AMA, MSSN, 1974-1985
1	4-6	Correspondence, 1973-1995
1	7-9	Correspondence, Family, 1970-1990
1	10	Correspondence, Family and Related Materials: China, 1983
1	11-12	Exeter Reunion, 1984-1986
1	13	Mount Sinai Contract Issues, 1975-1983
1	14	Position Appointments and Benefits, 1967-1972

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Series II: Subject Files, 1927-1995
	This series contains publications, drafts, reports, charts, and notes concerning Chalmers' research interests in the methodology of clinical trials; meta-analysis; clinical gastroenterology and cardiology; and geriatrics. A small percentage of Chalmers' teaching materials that include teaching plans and syllabi can also be found in this series. The series is arranged alphabetically by file folder.




Box	Folder
1	15	2nd Batch of Blinded Prostate Papers, 1977-1992
2	1	2nd Batch of Blinded Prostate Papers (cont'd)
2	2	4 Randomized Control Trials to Show Corticosteroids, 1981-1986
2	3	5 AIDs Papers to Score for Paolo, 1989-1993
2	4-7	A. 166, 1986-1987
2	8	A Biological Consideration of Treatment of Breast Cancer, 1969
2	9	Abdominal Hysterectomy, 1972-1988
2	10	Abstracts: Gastro bleeding, ulcers, 1957-1992
2	11	Ace Inhibitors All Study, 1992-1995
2	12	Acute Cystitis, 1984-1985
2	13	Acute Cystitis/Urinary Tract Infection, 1984-1985
2	14	Acute Myocardial Infarction Slides
2	15	Acute Myocardial Infractions Helpers, 1991
3	1	Adjuvant Breast Cancer: Rx-Update, 1984-1986
3	2	Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Update, 1986
3	3	Advanced Cancer, 1983
3	4	Age: Distribution of Meta-analyses

3	5		Bones and Joints, 1988-1989
3	6		References, Neuropsychology, 1988
		Agency for Health Care Policy and Research

3	7		Contract, 1990-1991
3	8		Renewal, 1990
3	9	Agenda Planning Diary, 1991
3	10	Agendas, 1991
3	11	Agendas I, 1991
		Aging

3	12		Section C, 1966-1988
3	13		Society, 1987-1988
3	14		Work, 1988-1990
3	15	AIDs
3	16-19	AIDs Immunology, 1976-1987
4	1	"Air Traffic Controller Health Change Study", 1978
4	2	Alpha I and Hypertension, Meta-analysis and Lipids, 1986
4	3	AMA Meta-analysis, 1983-1985
4	4-5	Amoxicillin Therapy, 1982-1985
4	6	Analytic Procedures, 1955
4	7	Angiography: Cholesterol, Good, 1978-1990
4	8	Ankle Fracture Fixture, 1987
4	9	Anti-arrhythmic Drugs
4	10	Antibiotic/Accepted Articles: Colon Surgery, 1981-1989
4	11-12	Antibiotic Hysterectomy, 1965-1992
5	1	Antibiotic Prophylactic, 1988-1991
5	2	Antibiotic Prophylactics in Surgery, 1973-1992
5	3	Antibiotic Rejected Articles, 1984-1989
5	4	Antibody E5, 1991-1992
5	5	Anti-inflammatory Drug Study, 1987
5	6	Apheresis Manuscript, 1980
5	7	Apheresis Randomized Control Trials, 1979-1983
5	8	Appendix: Report of the Secretary's Commission on Medical Malpractice
5	9	Appropriateness Research, 1987

			Articles

5	10-12			1955-1978
6	1-11			1967-1989
7	1-8			1970-1995
8	1-9			1983-1995
9	1			1970-1974
9	2		Articles and Correspondence, 1993
9	3		Aircraft Accidents, 1974-1982
9	4		Clinical Trial, 1979
9	5		For Thomas C. Chalmers's Editorial, 1987-1988
9	6		Rejected for Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Paper, 1937-1958
9	7		Rejected for Hemorrhage Paper, 1937-1958
9	8-9		Used for Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Papers, 1942-1965
9	10	Ascorbic Acid, 1971-1977
9	11	Ascorbic Acid: National Institute of Health Study [slides], 1973
9	12-13	Aspirin Papers (Joe Cappelleri), 1974-1991
10	1-2	Asthma/Oral Drugs Back 85: Aspirin Dose Study, 1992
10	3	Atherosclerosis, 1951-1979
10	4-5	Autopsy Reprints Errors, 1953-1989
10	6	Aviation Accidents, 1980-1983
10	7-8	Bachrach, N., 1983-1989
10	9	Background, 1995
11	1	Batch 1: Peptic Ulcer Papers, 1979-1990
11	2	Batch 2: Peptic Ulcer Papers, 1981-1989
11	3	Berlin's, Dr.: Comments, 1995
11	4-6	Beta Blockers, 1993
11	7	Beta Data and Charts, 1978-1989
11	8-10	Beta Papers, 1988-1989
11	11	Bias Paper, 1982
11	12	Big vs. Small
11	13	Biography and Schedules
11	14	Bleeding Peptic Ulcer, 1986-1991
11	15	Bleeding Ulcers, 1989-1992
11	16	Blocking Agents, 1993-1994
11	17	Blue Book Update: Beta, 1987-1988
11	18	Blum File, 1987
11	19-20	Blum, Almanac, Dec. 7, 1987
11	21	Books on Errors, 1983
11	22	Boston City Hospital, Out-Patient Department, 1952-1954
11	23-24	Boston Meta-analysis Candidate, 1986-1987
11	25	Breast Cancer Article, 1986-1987
11	26	Breast Cancer Med '86, 1991
11	27	Breast Cancer Screening, 1987-1992
11	28	Breast Cancer-Reject Papers, 1986
11	29-30	Brian, 1990
11	31	Brookline Ashes, 1987
11	32	Burns, 1978-1987
11	33	Burrows Study, 1989
11	34	Buyse, Mark, 1984
11	35	Buyse, Mark: Gastric Cancer, 1977-1984
11	36-37	CA B6 Meta-analysis for POARP, 1989-1991
11	38	CABG Overheads
11	39	CABG Summaries
11	40	Cabin Air Quality, 1988
11	41	Cabin Air Quality Slides
11	42	Caesarean, 1993
11	43	Caesarean Charts, 1972-1989
11	44	Caesarean Section, 1990
11	45	Caesarean Section Antibiotics
12	1-3	Caffeine Study, 1952-1983
12	4-6	Calendars, 1987-1990
12	7-8	Cancer Articles, 1984-1986
12	9	Cancer Papers, 1977-1989
13	1-2	Cancer Papers (cont'd.)
13	3	Cancer Therapy, 1977-1992
13	4	Cardiology, 1994
13	5	Carlisle, Paul and Tony Singletary [burn victim slides], 1969-1981
13	6	Carotid Surgery, Hefan, 1985
13	7	CCB Overheads
13	8-9	Celiac Plexus Block Papers, 1972-1992
13	10-11	Chalmers, Iain, 1985-1988
13	12	Chapman and Hall, 1992-1995
13	13	Chapter on History of Clinical Trials, 1986-1991
13	14	Charts, 1986-1993
13	15	CHD Hormones, 1963-1979
13	16	CHD: ICCU, 1971-1979
14	1	Cholesterol and Stroke, 1992-1993
14	2	Cholesterol: Lowering Meta-analyses, 1974-1992
14	3	Chronic Effects of Tolbutamide, 1972-1974
14	4	Ciguatera
14	5	Clinical and Clim Paper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, n.d
14	6	Clinical Pharmacology in Aged, 1984
14	7	Clinical Pharmacology in the Elderly, 1989
		Clinical Trials

14	8-9		Clinical Trials, 1975-1988
14	10		Travel time experiment, 1977-1982
14	11		Grant on Technical Evolution of Literature, 1982
14	12-13	Clippings, 1978-1982
14	14	Clozapin Therapy for Schizophrenia, 1991
14	15	Coffee Trial, 1983
14	16	Cognitive Behavior Eisenberg, 1991
15	1	Colon Adjuvant, Recent Publication, 1985
15	2	Colon Cancer, 1971-1976
15	3	Comparison of Methods, 1992
15	4	Completed Forms, 1950-1976
15	5-6	Completed Hysterectomy Master Copies, 1973-1990
15	7	Computer Ethics, 1973-1976
15	8	Controlled Clinical Trials, 1974
15	9	Controlled Study Articles, 1983-1991
15	10-12	Controlled Therapeutic Trials, 1970-1994
15	13	Cook and Tryba Meta-Analysis, 1979-1991
16	1	Cook and Tryba Meta-Analysis (cont'd.)
		Correspondence

16	2		1971
16	3-5		1973
16	6		1974-1984
16	7		1985-1986
16	8		1990-1992
16	9		1993-1994
16	10	Correspondence and Meta-analysis, 1995
16	11-12	Correspondence and Papers, 1990-1994
16	13	Course: Meta-analysis, 1986
16	14	Course: Case Control Etc., 1984
16	15	Crohn's Scores: Meta-analysis, 1979-1984
16	16	Crohn's, 1992
16	17	Cumulative Meta-Analysis, 1994
16	18	Cumulative Meta-Analysis: Marubini Talk in Paris, 1989
16	19	Cumulative Rearrangements, 1976-1988
16	20	Current Clinical Trials, 1994
		CVS

16	21		Acute Myocardial Infractions, 1983
16	22		Angina Pectoris, 1971
16	23		Arteriosclerosis, 1970-1979
17	1		CABG, 1982-1983
17	2		Cineangiograph, 1979-1982
17	3		Coronary Reperfusion, 1982
17	4		Epidemiology, 1980-1983
17	5		Hemostosis, 1980-1981
17	6		Lipids Cholesterol, 1979-1980
17	7		Pharmacology, 1979-1980
17	8		Stroke, 1983
17	9		Type A Behavior, 1983
17	10	DA Grant, 1989
17	11	Data
17	12	Data and Summary of Levamisole, 1980-1990
18	1	Data and Summary of Levamisole (cont'd.)
18	2	Data(2): Hormonal Influence for Iron Absorption, 1959
18	3	Delays, 1985-1991
18	4	Delphi-1, n.d
18	5-6	Depression, 1988-1992
18	7	DHMC, 1993
18	8-9	Diabetes, 1984-1991
18	10	Diabetes Survey, 1988-1991
18	11-13	Diagnostic Errors, 1951-1988
19	1	Diet, Heart, Review, 1984
19	2	Digestive Diseases Grant, 1989
19	3	Dipyridamole, 1990
19	4	Dipyridamole Thallium, 1982-1986
19	5	Double-Blind Study, 1965
19	6	Drug Abuse, 1991
19	7-8	Drug Abuse Grant, 1989
19	9	Early PTCA, 1994
19	10	ECRI Meta-analysis, 1994
19	11	Edited Draft of "The Efficacy of Medical Treatments on Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy...", 1993
19	12	Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth: Hormones (Iain Chalmers), 1978-1986
19	13	Eisenberg #1 to Blind, 1990-1991
19	14	Eisenberg Papers, 1993
19	15	Eisenberg Papers for Thomas C. Chalmers, 1976-1993
19	16	Electronic Journal of MetaÂ–analysis, 1984
19	17	Endoscopic Rx Hemorrhage
19	18	Epidemiologic Meta-analysis Overheads
19	19	Epidemiologic Survey, 1986
		Errors

19	20		1986-1989
19	21		Airplane, 1974-1982
19	22		Anesthesia, 1972-1983
19	23-24		Background Reading, 1981-1983
19	25		Clinicopathological Conferences, 1982
19	26		Current, 1983
19	27		Dates on Intensive Care Units, 1988
19	28		Manuscript, 1983
19	29		Manuscript II, 1983
19	30		March '84, 1983-1984
19	31		Medication, 1989
19	32-33		More, 1954-1983
19	34		Notes, 1981-1983
19	35		Relating Tourniquets, 1980
19	36		Reprints, 1981-1983
19	37	Ethics of Randomized Clinical Trials, 1991
19	38	Ethics Slides, 1972-1992
19	39	Etiology of Duodenitis, 1964-1977
19	40-41	Excluded, 1974-1983
19	42	Exercise, 1988
19	43	Expert Forms, 1991
19	44	Extra Applications, 1982-1986
19	45	Fawzi, Wafaie W., 1990-1993
19	46	Faxes, 1988-1989
19	47	Felson Study, 1991
19	48	Fibrinolytic Side Effects
19	49	Fibrinolytic Therapy Graphs, 1989
19	50	Final Graphs for Chlor
19	51	Financial Data
19	52	Flouty: Nifedipine, 1995
20	1	Folati and Malformation, 1993
20	2-3	Forgotten Research, 1979-1991
20	4	Forms and Worksheets, Meta-analysis, 1984-1985
20	5	Foundations, 1987-1988
20	6	Foundations: Iain Chalmers, 1987-1988
20	7-8	FTC
20	9	Furberg Press Releases, 1995
		Gail's Papers

20	10		1978-1983
20	11		Perfect References, 1983-1984
20	12-13		Project #2, 1976-1983
20	14-21		Study: Included, 1964-1983
20	22-23		Study: Jaundice, 1978-1980
20	24	Gamma Globulin in Post-transfusion Hep., 1977-1978
20	25	Gastric Freezing, 1964
20	26	Gastric Ulcers, 1990
20	27-28	Gastroenterology International, 1988-1989
20	29	Gastrointestinal Bleeding Articles, 1979-1989
		Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

20	30		Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, 1990
20	31		Collins (Studies in References), 1987-1992
20	32		10 and Hem. 11- Full Papers for Thomas C. Chalmers, 1983-1989
20	33-34		Data, 1927-1969
20	35		Log, 1985-1989
21	1		Meta-analysis Update File, 1971, 1990
21	2		Review and Thomas C. Chalmers, 1975-1987
21	3		Review Articles, 1981
21	4	Gastrointestinal Meta-analyses
21	5	Gastrointestinal New Rejects, 1990-1991
21	6	Gastroplasty, 1994
21	7	Genealogy, 1961-1962
21	8	Geneval, 1994
21	9	Geriatric Randomized Control Trials, 1988-1989
21	10	Good Peptics 60's, 1967-1970
21	11	Gray
		Gray, Darryl

21	12-13		1961-1987
21	14		Burn Excision, 1984-1986
21	15		E.G. Work Records Protocol, 1986
21	16		Front Sheets, 1976-1985
21	17	Greenlaw 7/5/93, 1990-1993
21	18	Grey Scores, 1985
21	19	Halothane: Ris/Case/Cohort Study Cur. Con., 1966-1986
		Harvard School of Public Health

21	20		1985-1986
21	21		11/13, 1974-1986
21	22		Course, Bias, Sackett, 1984
21	23		Course, Illness Requiring Clinical Trials, 1981-1982
21	24		Office, 1989
21	25	Health Care Crisis
21	26	Health Care Crisis Paper
21	27	Health Effects, 1991
21	28	Helicobater, 1993
21	29	Hemorrhage Reference, 1981-1989
21	30	Hepatitis, n.d
21	31	Hepatogastroenterology, 1988-1990
21	32	Home
21	33	Home Randomized Control Trials, 1981-1982
21	34	Home Research, 1981
21	35-36	Hospice Care, 1978-1984
21	37	Hyperbili Data, 1982-1986
		Hypertension

21	38-39		1988
21	40-41		During Pregnancy, 1969-1985
21	42		In Aged, 1990-1993
21	43		Lovell, 1981-1992
21	44-45		Meta-analysis, 1983-1992
21	46-47		Papers, 1973-1993
21	48-50		Study
21	51		Tables, 1993
21	52		Treatment
21	53		Research, 1986
21	54-55	Hypokaliemia and Q.T. Problems, 1982-1989
22	1	Iatrogenic Disease, 1955-1980
22	2-3	Iloprost, 1989-1990
22	4	Immunoterapia Advante, 1976-1986
22	5	Impact on Practices, 1991
22	6	Impact on Prostate
22	7	Important Squam Information: Frank Mason, 1983-1984
22	8	Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology Publications, 1990-1991
22	9	Informed Consent, 1966-1983
22	10	Intermittent Claudication other Drugs, 1984-1987
22	11	Intracranial Hemorrhage, 1983-1986
22	12	Ischemia and Serotonin, 1988
22	13	ISI Slides, 1989
22	14	ISIS II, 1988
22	15	ISIS, 4 Overheads
22	16	Jacquotte, Anne Papers for Scoring, 1959-1985
22	17	Janssen Grant, 1988-1991
22	18	Janssen Pharmaceutica, 1989
22	19-20	Jenny Rejects, 1987-1988
22	21	Job Seekers [Dr. Chalmers], 1966-1973
22	22	Jokes
		Jovell, Albert J.

22	23-25		1990-1992
22	26		OJCC [Slides, Transparencies, Photographs]
		Kannry , Joe

22	27-29		1988-1989
22	30		Abstracts, 1988-1989
22	31		Papers
22	32-37		Project Papers, 1961-1986
		Ketanserin

22	38		Add, on Trials, 1987-1988
22	39		Comparison with other Drugs, 1986-1989
22	40		Hypertension
22	41		Intermittent Claudication, 1984-1989
22	42		Mechanism, 1983-1989
23	1-2		Mechanism, 1983-1989
23	3		New Reject Anti-Hypertension, 1987-1988
23	4		Placebo Hypertension, 1981-1987
23	5		Short, Meta, 1985-1988
23	6		Slides
23	7		Worksheets, 1986-1989
23	8	KIP,Vagotomy, 1981-1988
23	9	Klawansky: Practice vs. Research, 1993
23	10	Lag, Background, 1962-1969
23	11	Lasker Award Documents, 1988
23	12	Letters to Write, 1994-1995
23	13-15	Levamisole: Papers, 1978-1992
23	16	Levamisole: Study, 1980-1990
23	17	Leverton, Fax Transmissions, 1995
23	18	License
23	19-20	Lidocaine, 1970-1974
23	21	Lind, James, 1953-1969
23	22	Lipids, Diuretics and Hypertension, 1986-1988
23	23	Liver (Diet Supplements)
23	24	Liver Meta-analysis, 1992
23	25	Liver Meta-analysis Chapter, 1989-1991
23	26-28	Liver Reference List/Result Outline/Graph, 1927-1967
23	29	M.S. Photographs, 1993
23	30	MACT Bib. Quality of Clinical Trials, 1966-1984
23	31	Malpractice, 1976-1984
23	32	Malpractice Search, 1984-1986
23	33	Mammography
23	34-35	Manuel/Eric/Sylvie Urinary Tract Infection, 1971-1986
23	36	Manuscripts, 1987-1988
23	37	Maripa, 1974-1978
23	38	Mas In Ris Database 2/18/93, 1990-1991
23	39	Mason, Frank, 1983-1984
23	40	Massachusetts Health Data Consortium, 1986-1987
23	41	Masters in Gastroenterology, 1990-1994
23	42	Matrix Results, 1989-1990
23	43	Medical Data, 1980-1986
24	1	Medical Data, 1983-1986
24	2	Medical Decision Making Classics: A Reading List, 1988
24	3	Medical Journalism
24	4	Medical Journals, 1974-1978
24	5-6	Medical Project and Workload, 1992
24	7	Medicine and Mathematics Articles, 1968-1980
24	8	Medline, 1983
24	9	Medline Papers, 1980-1982
24	10	Memorandum, 1992
		Meta-analysis

24	11-15		1964-1994
24	16		Aids Literature, 1991
24	17		Alcohol, 1987
24	18		As a Tool for Interpreting Clinical Trials in Liver Disease, 1990
24	19		Caffeine, 1983
24	20		Calcium Supplements For Ecclampsia CPEP
24	21		Candidates, 1988
24	22		Candidates-Cor. Art. Changes After Bypass, 1975-1981
24	23		Clinical Trials, 1993-1994
24	24		Clinical Trials Unit, 1965-1985
24	25-26		Colon Cancer, 1986
24	27		Consulting Inc./ MetaWorks, Inc., 1995
24	28		Descriptive
24	29		Epidemiologic, 1987
24	30		Esophageal Varices, 1988
24	31-33		In Gastroenterology, 1977-1991
24	34		In General
24	35		Manuscript, 1990
24	36		Methods II
24	37		of Clinical Information Service Trial, 1993
24	38		on Obstetrics, 1970-1989
24	39-40		Papers, 1986-1988
24	41		Phenobaritone S.V. Hemorrhages, 1984
24	42		Pittsburgh, Slides
24	43		Placebo, 1974
24	44		Post MI Placebo Survival
25	1		Quality Studies, 1977-1983
25	2		Quality U.S., 1988
25	3		Randomized Clinical Trials Paper, 1994
25	4		Seminars, 1994
25	5		Somatostatin, 1990-1991
25	6		Statistical Methods
25	7		Steps Long Forms
25	8		Stroke Prevention, 1969-1988
25	9		to Evaluate Analgesic Interventions
25	10		Topics, 1986
25	11		Update, 1987
25	12-13		Updates, Colon Surgery and Antibiotics, 1989
		MetaWorks

25	14		Business Plan, 1993
25	15		Ross on Meta-analysis, 1992
25	16-17	Methadone: to Be Scored
25	18-19	Methodology, 1976-1988
25	20	Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study I, 1987
25	21-23	Mirreadorf, 1990-1992
25	24	Mosteller Renewal, 1990
25	25	Mount Sinai School of Medicine Papers, 1974-1983
25	26	MRI, 1988-1992
25	27	MRI Grant, 1985-1989
		Mt. Sinai

25	28-30		Labeled by #
25	31		Labeled by Trials, 1987-1991
25	32		Medical Center Fax, 1989
25	33		President, 1982
25	34	Multiple Copies of Various Articles, 1976-1988
25	35	Mutual Fund Summary, 1987
25	36	Nafarelin Search 7/12/93, 1981-1992
25	37	National Institute of Health: Consensus, General, 1983-1984
25	38	National Institute of Health: Slides # to 400's
25	39	National Library of Medicine Application, 1980
25	40	National Library of Medicine Original, 1990
25	41-42	National Transportation Safety Board: Reports, 1974-1978
25	43	National Transportation Safety Board: Tables Statistics, 1983
25	44	Neglect of Aged, 1988-1989
26	1	NEGM Letter, 1992
		Neural Tube

26	2-3		1992
26	4		39-0207, 1985
26	5-6		Defects, 1983-1988
26	7		Defects Meta-analysis, 1980-1982
26	8	New Aspirin Papers to be Scored for Joe Cappelleri, 1988-1992
26	9	New Breast Trials, 1982-1985
26	10	New Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Paper, 1990
26	11	New Hysterectomy Papers, 1980-1983
26	12	New Peptic Papers, 1958-1965
26	13	NIDDS Grant, National Institute of Health Meeting, 1988
		Nifedipine

26	14		Drafts, 1995
26	15		From Yusor, Furberg, 1994
26	16		Overheads, 1995
26	17	No Overall Survival, 1986
26	18	Non-fatal Stroke
26	19	Nonoccupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls, 1988-1990
26	20	Notes
26	21	NSAIDS: Slides
26	22	Obesity Study, 1994
26	23	Obesity/Gallstones, 1991
		Observer Error

26	24		1959-1974
26	25		Bias, 1952-1975
26	26		Bias Radiology, 1947-1977
26	27		Diagnosis General, 1965-1979
26	28		Diagnosis Specific, 1974-1981
26	29		History Talking, 1951-1979
26	30		In Endoscopy, 1961-1972
26	31		Laboratories, 1970-1975
26	32		Miscellaneous, 1958-1981
26	33		Statistics, 1959-1977
26	34	Observer Variability
26	35	Observer Variability, Review, 1975
26	36	Office of Medical Applications of Research, 1990-1991
26	37	Old Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Draft (VA), n.d
26	38-39	Old Manuscripts, 1967-1981
26	40	Old Research Publication Bias, 1978-1989
26	41	Opinion Research
		Options

26	42-43		Null
26	44		Overheads
26	45-46		Poster, 1994
26	47		Recommendations, 1989-1995
26	48	Original Buyse, Colorectal Trials and Gastric, 1979-1984
26	49	Original Case Fatality Rate Blank Chart for Peptic, 1990
26	50	Orton, 1930-1942
26	51-52	Otisis Media, 1989-1990
27	1	Outcome Research
27	2	Overhead
27	3	Overheads: Matrices, 1990
27	4	Overheads: Sample Sizes, 1992
27	5-6	Oxford Companion to Medicine Sept. 92, 1980-1982
27	7	Oxford Perinatal Trials
27	8	Pack, 1988
27	9	Pack I
27	10	Pack II
27	11	Pack Study, 1988-1989
27	12-13	Papers, 1970-1992
27	14	Papers: Gail's Study, 1981-1983
27	15-16	Papers: Proofs for Journal Article, n.d
27	17	Park Study 1989 Data and Safety and Ethics, 1989
27	18	Part of Peptic Manuscript, 1987
27	19	PASF Research and Articles, 1983
27	20	Pashos, Chris (Port Cortin), 1990
27	21	Patients, 1973-1977
27	22	Paula, 1994-1995
27	23	Paula Rochon, Placebo, 1995
27	24	Paula, Quality, 1994-1995
27	25	Pauling, Linus, Vitamin C and Common Cold, 1971-1976
27	26	PDQ: All 36 Trials, 1992
27	27	PDQ: Randomized Control Trials, 1992
		Peer Review

27	28-29		1978-1989
27	30		Meeting, 1977-1988
27	31		Presentation, 1988
27	32	Penultimate Drafts, 1995
27	33-34	Peptic, 1986-1991
		Peptic Ulcer

27	35		1986-1991
27	36		Peptic Ulcer (Added), 1972-1990
27	37-40		Articles, 1947-1993
27	41		Emergency Surgery Original Paper, 1960-1990
27	42-43		Hemorrhage, 1970-1990
27	44		Hemorrhage Papers, 1956-1992
27	45-46		Papers, 1933-1991
28	1-4		Papers, 1933-1991
28	5		Papers, Batch 3, 1965-1985
28	6		Peptic Ulcers, 1975-1990
28	7		Peptic with Out Trials Abstract, 1988-1990
		Peptic

28	8-9		60-75, 1960-1967
28	10		Fill In
28	11		No Trials Abstracts, 1983-1985
28	12		Reference (very old), 1985-1988
28	13	Pero Material: Cholesterol, 1987
28	14	Pero Material: Randomized Control Trials, 1978-1985
28	15-16	Persantine Thallium, 1995
28	17	Peter Kussin, 1980
28	18	Phenobarb in Newborns, 1987
28	19	Phototherapy, 1998
28	20	Physical Examination, Observer Error, 1948-1975
28	21	Pilot Error, 1982-1983
28	22-23	Placebo, 1983-1994
28	24	Placebo Article, 1980
28	25	Placebo Hypertension, 1995
28	26	Plasma Pheresis Meta-analysis, 1981-1984
28	27	Plasma Prednisone, New Randomized Control Trials, 1984-1985
28	28	Plasmapheresis Paper, 1981-1984
		Polychlorinated Biphenyls

28	29		General, 1983-1990
28	30		Proposal, 1988-1989
28	31	Potential Grant Applications, 1990
28	32	Pre-eclampsia
28	33	Pregnancy - Corticosteroids
28	34	Primary Breast Cancer, 1985-1986
28	35	Project, 1992
28	36	Project B.P., 1988
28	37-38	Project Gastric Freezing, 1948-1978
28	39	Project Plasma Pheresis, 1984-1985
28	40	Projects, 1973-1987
29	1	Prophylactic Antibiotics
29	2-3	Proposal, 1984-1993
29	4	Proposal June '88, 1973-1983
29	5	Prostate, 1986
		Prostate Cancer

29	6		1989-1993
29	7		Bony Metastases, 1993
29	8		Hormone Therapy, 1993
29	9		Petodata, 1993
29	10		PSA, 1992-1993
29	11		Radiotherapy, 1993
29	12		Research, 1984-1986
29	13-14	Prostate Meta-analysis, 1981-1990
29	15	Prostateglandins for CERU Ripening, 1990-1993
29	16	Protocol Draft, 1994
29	17	Protocol for Meta-analysis Papers
29	18	PTCA vs. F. Lytic, 1993-1995
29	19	Public Health Service Application, 1986-1989
29	20-21	Publication Bias, 1985-1991
29	22	Published Research, Jovell, 1985-1991
29	23	Q.T. Syndrome Article, 1980-1989
29	24-25	Quality of Healthcare, 1974-1981
29	26-27	Quality of Randomized Control Trials, 1991
29	28	Quality Scoring Forms, 1990
29	29	Radiation Effects, 1967-1986
29	30-31	Radiation: Normal, 1950-1966
29	32	Radiotherapy, 1985
		Randomized Control Trials

29	33-41		1953-1987
30	1-7		1958-1992
30	8		Databases, 1990
30	9		Library Work
30	10		Placebo, 1980
30	11	Rec. Future Medline, 1989
30	12	Registry of Clinical Trials, 1993
30	13-14	Reject: Inadequate Follow-up, 1985-1986
30	15	Reject: No Mortality Data, 1985
30	16	Reject: Peptic '60's, 1966-1971
30	17	Reject: Type of Surgery, 1985
31	1-2	Research Data [MEDLINE citations/abstracts, myocardial infarction?], 1988
31	3	Retirement; misc. correspondence, 1970-1989
31	4	RIP Ashes [fireplace ash fallout study], 1988
31	5	Rochon, Pauls [placebo vs. NSAID], 1995
31	6	Rome Talk, 1989
31	7	Rome, Decision Analysis Articles, 1981-1987
31	8	Route of Delivery Papers to Score for Cathy Spino/ Paolo Villari, 1992
31	9	Rutstein, David [memorial], 1986-1987
31	10	Sackett, David, 1976-1982
31	11	Salt Sensitivity and Hypertension, 1988
31	12	Sample Size Estimates, 1954-1974
31	13	Sample Size Estimation by Cumulative Meta-analysis, n.d
31	14	Sampling, 1992
32	1	Santa Fe Overheads
32	2	Science In Medicine, 1988
32	3	Seattle, 1983-1991
32	4	Selection Interference and Suggestion in Clinical Trials, 1961-1978
		Course in Clincal Trials and Meta-Analysis [UC Berkeley], Spring 1991

32	5		Session I and II
32	6		Session III
32	7-8		Session IV, V, and VII
32	9-10		Session VI
32	11		Session VIII
32	12-13		Session IX
32	14		Session X
33	1		Session XII
33	2-3		Session XIII
33	4	Slide Material Evaluation of Magnetic Imaging
33	5	Slide Material: Opinions of Experts, 1991
		Slides

33	6-10		1975-1990
33	11		(old) before 1970 (No Duplicates Here), 1969
33	12		for Keynote Address, 1990-1994
33	13		for Talk, 1990
33	14		MAC, 1977-1986
33	15		Mosteller Wanted for POARP Meeting, 1986
33	16		Unnumbered
33	17	Small Cell Lung Cancer, 1992
33	18	Solar and Electric Randomized Control Trials, 1982
33	19-20	Sorbinol: Meta-analysis, 1991
33	21-24	Sounding Board, 1985-1987
33	25	Statistics, 1981-1988
33	26	Statistics Manuel and Haenszel, 1959
33	27-29	Statistics Methods, 1962-1978
33	30-31	Statistics Methods I, 1967-1978
33	32-36	Statistics Methods II, 1966-1981
33	37	Steps in Meta-analysis
33	38-39	Steroids, 1970-1986
33	40	Stroke HCUA, 1987-1990
33	41	Stroke Rate A-Transient Ischaemic Attack, 1978-1991
33	42-43	Strokes, 1992
33	44-45	Strokes: Wash, 1992
33	46	Sucralfate, 1989-1992
33	47	Sudden Death, 1989
33	48	Sugawa Article with Referenced Papers, 1979-1990
34	1	Summary Charts, 1991
34	2	Surgery Meta-analysis, 1971-1981
34	3-4	Sydney/Cocaine, 1990-1992
34	5	TD Hyperbilirubinemia, 1983
34	6-8	The Boston Inter-Hospital Liver Group as an Experiment in Coop. Res., 1963-1981
34	9	The New England Journal of Medicine Article, 1958
34	10	The Patient, 1977
34	11	Thrombolytic Therapy, 1988-1990
34	12	Tie Research, 1985
34	13-14	To Be Filed, 1973-1995
34	15	Toward Controlled Trials in Upper Gt. Bleeding Minutes, 1976
34	16-17	Toxic Waste Dumps, National Research Council, NRC-NRS, 1980-1991
34	18	TPA vs. Streptokinase
34	19	Transcriptions, 1987-1991
		Transparencies

34	20		1991
34	21		Materials Acute Treatments
34	22	Travel, 1975-1988
34	23	Treatment of Burns, 1974-1976
34	24	Trials in Gastroenterology, 1970
34	25-26	Unblinded Aspirin Papers, 1976-1991
		University Group Diabetes Program

34	27		Compliance and Mortality Project, 1974-1981
34	28		FDA Survey, 1978
34	29		History, 1971-1979
34	30	Unsorted Slides, 1987
34	31	Update: Breast Cancer Meta-analysis, 1985
34	32	Updating Meta-analyses, n.d
34	33	Urgent, 1991-1993
34	34	Variceal Hemorrhage, 1990
		Veterans Administration

34	35		Clinical Epidemiology Department Lecture, 1975-1988
34	36		Distinguishing Physicians, 1988
34	37		Duplicates, 1986
34	38		Grant, 1989
34	39		Study of 20 VA Hospitals (Old Material), 1970
		Vitamin C

34	40-41		1956-1977
34	42		Adverse Effects, 1975-1977
34	43		Adverse Effects and New Articles, 1967-1976
34	44		and the Common Cold, 1945-1975
34	45		and the Common Cold Controlled Trials and References Used, 1942-1967
34	46		Deficiency of, 1972-1975
34	47		Duplicate Articles, 1969-1973
34	48		General Review, 1975-1977
35	1		Other Diseases, 1971-1977
35	2-3	Vitamins Other Than C, 1971-1979
35	4	What's Meta-analysis, 1986-1991
35	5	Wilson, Cedric and H.S. Loh, 1967-1974
35	6	Wine, 1991
35	7	Wine Final, 1990
35	8	Wine Tasting and Meta-analysis Papers, 1990
35	9	Workshop on Clinical Trials, Bethesda, 1993
35	10	Wright, Dan, 1981-1982

Return to the Table of Contents



Series III: Hepatitis Study (Kyoto, Japan ), 1943-1970
	This series contains correspondence, reports, charts, and other data concerning Chalmers' Hepatitis Study in Japan. In 1951 he was the principal investigator of the hepatitis treatment research unit of Harvard Medical School in Kyoto, Japan. This study was later used by Chalmers to disprove the common belief that long periods of bed rest was beneficial to those suffering from acute infectious hepatitis. All patient records with personal identifiers have been restricted. The series is arranged alphabetically by file folder.




Box	Folder
	[RESTRICTED] The sub-series "Clinical Trials" contains personal medical records and is restricted according to HMD's access to health information policy. Please consult the Manuscripts Curator for access to these materials.




Box	Folder
35	11	Acute Hepatitis: Jaundice Study, 1943
35	12	Choline Content and Electrolytes and Vitamins: Sample Skeleton Diets: Dietary 2nd Run, 1952-1953
35	13	Clinical Data: Onset to Time of Admission
		Correspondence

35	14-15		1952-1953
35	16		from Chalmers, 1951-1952
36	1		from Kyoto, Japan: from Eckhardt, 1952
36	2		from Sasebo, Japan, 1952-1953
36	3		Kyoto, Japan, 1951-1952
36	4		Macleod, 1952-1953
36	5		to Chalmers, 1951-1952
36	6		to Kyoto, Japan, 1952
36	7		to Sasebo, Japan, 1952-1953
36	8		Watson, 1952-1953
		Data Nara

36	9		Final Charts and Tables
36	10		Master Sheets and First Labels Thereof
		Data Retrospective

36	11		Null
36	12		Difference in Effect by TSB
36	13		Effects of Punch Card Items in Course
36	14	Rising TSB
36	15	Data V Clinical Bed Rest: Effects of Ambulation
36	16	Data VIII Major: 4 Relapses, Etc.
		Dietary Data

36	17		Merme
36	18		Retrospective Analyses: Old Stuff: First Run X, 1952
36	19	Discharge Dates, 1st and 2nd Run, 1952
37	1	"The Treatment of Acute Hepatitis", J. of Clinical Inverstigation, Draft I, 1955
37	2	Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever, 1951
37	3	First Experiment, 1950
37	4	Follow-up Chart, 1952-1953
37	5	Hepatitis Survey Group, 1952
37	6	Infectious Hepatitis Lecture, 1952
37	7	Kyoto lectures, 1951-1952

37	8		Kyoto Talks, 1951
37	9	Liver biopsy blinical reports, 1952
37	10	Nara Randomization
37	11	Physical fitness tests
37	12-13	Preliminary Data I: Hepatitis Study: Kyoto, Japan, n.d
37	14	Preliminary Data II: Hepatitis Study: Kyoto, Japan, 1951
37	15	Protocols, 1952

38	1		First Run, 1951-1952
38	2		Follow-up States, 1952-1953
38	3		Second Run, 1952
38	4		Code Sheets
38	5		First Run Data
		Randomization

38	6		Both Runs III
38	7		Data 2nd Run
38	8		Final Data V
38	9		First Run I
38	10	Retrospective Data: Preliminary Labeling
38	11	Study One and Two
38	12	Supreme Sheet 1st and 2nd Run Data
38	13-14	The Second Experiment
38	15	Veterans Follow-Up, 1951
38	15-17	Volunteer Study, 1953
		Clinical Trial records

				[RESTRICTED] According to HMD Access to Individual Health Information Policy. Contact Manuscripts Curator for information regarding access.
39	1		Best Rest Analysis Both Runs: Adhesive Figures
39	2		Case Summaries: On Patients Who Have Been Seen, 1952
39	3		[Computer Cards], 1952

Finding Aid to the Thomas C. Chalmers Papers, 1927-1995

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Descriptive Summary

Biographical/Historical Note

Collection Summary

Restrictions

Restrictions

Copyright

Index Terms

Administrative Information

Preferred Citation

Provenance

Series I: Personal and Biographical, 1954-1995

Series II: Subject Files, 1927-1995

Series III: Hepatitis Study (Kyoto, Japan ), 1943-1970