MedlinePlus Drug Information: Saquinavir

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Other drug names:	A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0-9

Saquinavir

(sa kwin' a veer)

Contents of this page:
Why is this medication prescribed? How should this medicine be used? Other uses for this medicine What special precautions should I follow? What special dietary instructions should I follow? What should I do if I forget a dose?	What side effects can this medication cause? What storage conditions are needed for this medicine? In case of emergency/overdose What other information should I know? Brand names

IMPORTANT WARNING: Return to top

Roche Pharmaceuticals has announced that Fortovase^® brand saquinavir capsules will no longer be available in the United States by February 15, 2006. This action is not based on any known safety problems with Fortovase, but is being taken because Fortovase is not widely used. If you are taking Fortovase, talk to your doctor about switching to another treatment.

Invirase^® brand hard gelatin capsules and tablets and Fortovase^® brand soft gelatin capsules all contain saquinavir, but can not be substituted for one another.Invirase must be taken with another medication called ritonavir (Norvir), which is called "boosted" therapy. Fortovase may be taken without ritonavir, but it must be taken more often and at a different dose than Invirase. Do not take Fortovase and Invirase at the same time. Take only the brand of saquinavir that was prescribed by your doctor and do not switch to the other brand of saquinavir unless your doctor tells you that you should. Each time you have your prescription filled, look at the brand name printed on your prescription label and at the tablets or capsules inside your bottle to be sure that you have received the right medication. Ask your doctor if you have not yet started taking saquinavir and don't know how your tablets or capsules should look.

Why is this medication prescribed? Return to top

Saquinavir is used in combination with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Saquinavir is in a class of antiviral medications called protease inhibitors. It works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. Saquinavir does not cure HIV and may not prevent you from developing HIV-related illnesses. Saquinavir does not prevent the spread of HIV to other people.

How should this medicine be used? Return to top

Saquinavir comes as a hard gelatin capsule (Invirase), a tablet (Invirase), and a soft gelatin capsule (Fortovase) to take by mouth. The hard gelatin capsule and tablet are usually taken with ritonavir (Norvir) two times a day with a meal or up to 2 hours after a full meal. The soft gelatin capsule is usually taken three times a day with a meal or up to 2 hours after a meal. Take saquinavir at around the same times every day. It may be easier to remember to take saquinavir if you take it with meals. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take saquinavir exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

Continue to take saquinavir even if you feel well. Do not stop taking saquinavir without talking to your doctor. If you miss doses, take less than the prescribed dose or stop taking saquinavir, your condition may become more difficult to treat.

Other uses for this medicine Return to top

Saquinavir soft gelatin capsules are also used to help prevent infection in health care workers or other people who were accidentally exposed to HIV. Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this medication for your condition.

This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

What special precautions should I follow? Return to top

Before taking saquinavir,

tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to saquinavir, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in saquinavir. Ask your pharmacist for a list of the ingredients.
do not take astemizole (Hismanal) (no longer available in the United States); cisapride (Propulsid) (no longer available in the United States);ergot medications such as dihydroergotamine (Migranal), ergoloid mesylates (Germinal, Hydergine), ergonovine (Ergotrate), ergotamine (Cafergot, Wigraine), methylergonovine (Methergine), and methysergide (Sansert);medications for irregular heartbeat such as amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone), bepridil (not available in the United States), flecainide (Tambocor), propafenone (Rhythmol), or quinidine (Quinidex); midazolam (Versed); pimozide (Orap); rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane, in Rifamate); terfenadine (Seldane) (no longer available in the United States);or triazolam (Halcion)while taking saquinavir.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, and nutritional supplements you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention any of the following: anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin); antifungals such as fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), and voriconazole (Vfend); aprepitant (Emend); benzodiazepines such as alprazolam (Xanax), clorazepate (ClorazeCaps, Tranxene, others), diazepam (Valium), and flurazepam (Dalmane);buspirone (BuSpar); calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac, others), felodipine (Plendil), isradipine (DynaCirc), nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), nimodipine (Nimotop), nisoldipine (Sular), and verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verelan); cholesterol-lowering medications (statins) such as atorvastatin (Lipitor), lovastatin (Advicor, Altocor, Mevacor), and simvastatin (Zocor); chlorpheniramine (antihistamine in over-the-counter cough and cold medications); cimetidine (Tagamet); clarithromycin (Biaxin, in Prevpac); clindamycin (Cleocin);dapsone (Avlosulfon); dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone);disopyramide (Norpace); erythromycin (E.E.S., E-Mycin, Erythrocin); fentanyl (Duragesic); fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem); fluvoxamine (Luvox); griseofulvin (Fulvicin, Grifulvin, Gris-PEG); haloperidol (Haldol); hormonal contraceptives (birth control pills, rings, and patches); immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), tacrolimus (Protopic), or rapamycin (sirolimus, Rapamune); insulin or oral medications for diabetes; isoniazid (INH, Nydrazid); medications to treat erectile dysfunction such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra); medications to treat HIV or AIDS including atazanavir (Reyataz), delavirdine (Rescriptor), efavirenz (Sustiva), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (in Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), nevirapine (Viramune), or ritonavir (Norvir, in Kaletra); medications to treat seizures such as carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Tegretol), phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek), and phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton); methadone (Dolophine, Methadose); nefazodone;phenylbutazone (Azolid, Butazolidin, others) (no longer available in the United States);propranolol (Inderal, in Inderide); quinine; ranitidine (Zantac);rifabutin (Mycobutin); sertraline (Zoloft);tamoxifen (Nolvadex); trazodone; tricyclic antidepressants including amitriptyline (in Limbitrol), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil), others; troleandomycin (TAO); vincristine; and zafirlukast (Accolate) . Other medications may interact with saquinavir, so be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the medications you are taking, even those that do not appear on this list. Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
tell your doctor what herbal products you are taking or plan to take, especially St. John's wort and garlic capsules.
tell your doctor if you drink or have ever drunk large amounts of alcohol, if you have ever taken any form of saquinavir in the past, and if you or anyone in your family has or has ever had diabetes. Also tell your doctor if you have or have ever had high cholesterol or triglycerides (fats in the blood); hemophilia (a bleeding disorder); or heart, kidney, or liver disease.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking saquinavir, call your doctor . You should not breastfeed if you are infected with HIV or are taking saquinavir.
if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking saquinavir.
you should be aware that your body fat may increase or move to different areas of your body, such as your upper back, neck ("buffalo hump"), breasts, and around your stomach. You may notice a loss of body fat from your face, legs, and arms.

What special dietary instructions should I follow? Return to top

Talk to your doctor about eating grapefruit and drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose? Return to top

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause? Return to top

Saquinavir may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

diarrhea
stomach pain
upset stomach
vomiting
heartburn
gas or bloating
constipation
change in the way food tastes
increased appetite
sores in mouth
headache
weakness
tiredness
dizziness
anxiety
depression
difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
runny nose
pain, burning, numbness, or tingling in the hands or feet
warts
muscle or back pain
changes in sex drive

Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

rash
itching
chest pain
shortness of breath
flu-like symptoms
fever
yellowing of the skin or eyes
extreme tiredness
lack of energy
loss of appetite
pain in the upper right part of the stomach
cough

Saquinavir may increase the sugar level in your blood. If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

thirst
dry mouth
tiredness
flushing
dry lips or skin
frequent urination
loss of appetite
trouble breathing or fast breathing
upset stomach
vomiting
fruity breath
loss of consciousness

Saquinavir may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at http://www.fda.gov/MedWatch/index.html] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine? Return to top

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.

In case of emergency/overdose Return to top

In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.

Symptoms of overdose may include:

throat pain

What other information should I know? Return to top

Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain lab tests before and during treatment to check your body's response to saquinavir.

Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription.

It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.

Brand names Return to top

Invirase®

Fortovase®

Last Reviewed - 09/01/2008

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. Disclaimer

AHFS^® Consumer Medication Information. © Copyright, 2009. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland. All Rights Reserved. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized by ASHP.