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MEDLINE®/PubMed® Language Table
Printer-friendly VersionThis table provides the language codes (and translations) used by MEDLINE/PubMed (including OLDMEDLINE). Language codes and translations are taken from the MARC Code List for Languages prepared by the Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office.
| Language Abbreviation |
Language |
|---|---|
| afr | Afrikaans |
| alb | Albanian |
| amh* | Amharic |
| ara | Arabic |
| arm | Armenian |
| aze** | Azerbaijani |
| ben* | Bengali |
| bos | Bosnian |
| bul | Bulgarian |
| cat | Catalan |
| chi | Chinese |
| cze | Czech |
| dan | Danish |
| dut | Dutch |
| eng | English |
| epo | Esperanto |
| est | Estonian |
| fin | Finnish |
| fre | French |
| geo | Georgian |
| ger | German |
| gla | Scottish Gaelic |
| gre | Greek, Modern |
| heb | Hebrew |
| hin | Hindi |
| hun | Hungarian |
| ice | Icelandic |
| ind | Indonesian |
| ita | Italian |
| jpn | Japanese |
| kin | Kinyarwanda |
| kor | Korean |
| lat | Latin |
| lav | Latvian |
| lit | Lithuanian |
| mac | Macedonian |
| mal** | Malayalam |
| mao | Maori |
| may | Malay |
| mul | Multiple languages |
| nor | Norwegian |
| per | Persian |
| pol | Polish |
| por | Portuguese |
| pus** | Pushto |
| rum | Romanian, Rumanian |
| rus | Russian |
| san | Sanskrit |
| scc | Serbian |
| scr | Croatian |
| slo | Slovak |
| slv | Slovenian |
| spa | Spanish |
| swe | Swedish |
| tha | Thai |
| tur | Turkish |
| ukr | Ukrainian |
| und | Undetermined |
| urd* | Urdu |
| vie** | Vietnamese |
| wel* | Welsh |
* Does not occur on any distributed citations yet.
** OLDMEDLINE only.
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Last reviewed: 17 April 2008
Last updated: 09 November 2006
First published: 01 January 2002
Metadata| Permanence level: Permanence Not Guaranteed