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Search Strategy Used to Create the PubMed Bioethics Filter

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This strategy was originally created by NLM and the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University to facilitate searching for citations to articles in the area of bioethics.

Strategy last modified February 2019.


jsubsete OR ethical [ti] OR ethically [ti] OR ethico OR ethics [mh] OR ethics [ti] OR ethics [sh] OR 
ethicist OR ethicists OR ethics committee [cn] OR bioethic OR bioethical OR bioethicist OR bioethicists OR
bioethics OR abortion, criminal [majr] OR abortion, eugenic [majr] OR ((abortion, induced [majr:noexp] OR
abortion, legal [majr]) NOT animals [mh:noexp] AND (attitude [mh] OR public opinion OR coercion OR
decision making [mh] OR prenatal diagnosis [majr] OR pregnancy trimester, third [mh] OR
women's health services OR women's rights [mh])) OR (abortion, legal [majr] AND trends) OR
(abortion, therapeutic [majr] AND (attitude [mh] OR public opinion OR coercion OR decision making [mh] OR
women's rights [mh])) OR advance directive adherence OR advance directives [mh] OR advance directives [tw] OR
animal care committees [mh] OR (animal care [ti] AND committees) OR IACUC [ti] OR IACUCs [ti] OR
animal rights [mh] OR animal rights [ti] OR animal experimentation [majr:noexp] OR
(laboratory animals AND animal welfare/lj [majr]) OR (animal welfare [majr] AND (laboratory animals [mh:noexp] OR
experimentation [ti] OR research [ti] OR research [majr:noexp] OR animals, genetically modified [majr])) OR
(animal experimentation [mh] AND animal welfare [mh:noexp]) OR vivisection [majr] OR
anonymous testing [majr] OR beginning of human life [mh] OR ((biomedical enhancement [mh:noexp] OR
clinical trials as topic/lj [majr] OR (cloning, organism [majr] AND (attitude OR public opinion OR
embryo research [mh] OR reproduction, asexual [mh] OR reproductive techniques, assisted)) OR
embryo disposition [mh] OR (embryo research [mh] AND (economics OR cryopreservation OR
fertilization in vitro OR social control, formal)) OR embryo research [majr] OR
euthanasia, active [mh:noexp] OR fetal research [mh] OR genetic enhancement [majr] OR
withholding treatment [majr] OR posthumous conception) AND humans [mh]) OR (euthanasia [ti] AND humans) OR
(euthanasia [mh:noexp] AND (humans [mh] OR history [sh] OR political systems)) OR
euthanasia, active, voluntary OR passive euthanasia [mh] OR passive euthanasia [ti] OR
civil rights [majr] OR (capital punishment [majr] AND (attitude of health personnel [mh] OR
physicians [majr] OR pharmacists [majr] OR professional role [majr] OR medicine [majr])) OR
(commitment of mentally ill [majr] AND (attitude OR public opinion OR coercion OR
jurisprudence [mh:noexp] OR lj [sh])) OR commodification [mh] OR commodification [ti] OR
confidentiality [majr] OR confidentiality [ti] OR dehumanization [mh] OR directed tissue donation OR
(disabled persons [mh:noexp] AND disease transmission, horizontal) OR (disclosure [majr:noexp] AND
(diagnosis OR databases as topic OR genetics OR genome OR industry OR insurance OR medical errors OR
professional-patient relations OR reproductive techniques OR virus diseases)) OR
(drug industry [majr:noexp] AND (health personnel [majr:noexp] OR faculty, medical [mh] OR
faculty, nursing [mh] OR faculty, pharmacy [mh] OR medical education [majr] OR medical staff [mh] OR
nursing staff [mh] OR nurses [mh] OR physicians [mh] OR physician's role OR
health occupations [mh:noexp])) OR duty to recontact OR eugenics OR (fraud [mh] AND research [mh]) OR
scientific integrity review OR freedom [majr] OR (gene therapy [majr] AND
(clinical trials as topic [majr] OR RAC [ti])) OR genetic discrimination [ti] OR genetic privacy OR
(genetic testing [majr] AND (attitude [majr] OR discrimination [ti] OR health insurance [majr] OR
life insurance [majr] OR public opinion [majr] OR mandatory reporting)) OR (gift giving AND
(industry [majr] OR interprofessional relations [majr] OR professional-patient relations [majr])) OR
health care rationing [majr] OR holocaust [mh] OR human experimentation [mh] OR ((health care disparities OR
healthcare disparities) AND prejudice) OR human experimentation [ti] OR (human experimentation AND
(attitude [mh] OR ethical OR public opinion)) OR human rights [majr:noexp] OR (human rights abuses AND
(biological warfare OR biomedical research OR health facilities [majr] OR prisoners [majr] OR
professional role OR public health [mh:noexp] OR terrorism [mh])) OR informed consent [majr] OR
informed consent [ti] OR ((informed consent [mh] OR consent[ti]) AND (AIDS serodiagnosis [majr] OR
research [majr] OR clinical trials as topic [majr])) OR consent forms [ti] OR parental consent [mh] OR
(insurance, psychiatric [majr] AND parity [ti] AND (accessibility OR jurisprudence)) OR
involuntary sterilization [mh] OR (involuntary sterilization AND (coercion OR forced OR
compulsory OR rights OR involuntary [ti])) OR involuntary sterilization [mh] OR legal guardians [majr] OR
(life support care [majr] AND (brain death OR decision making OR patient participation [mh] OR
pregnancy [mh] OR pregnant women OR palliative care [mh] OR social values [mh] OR
terminal care [majr] OR terminally ill [majr])) OR mandatory programs [majr:noexp] OR
(mandatory reporting [majr] AND (AIDS serodiagnosis OR HIV infections OR communicable diseases OR
(domestic violence [majr:noexp] AND professional role [majr]) OR medical errors [majr:noexp])) OR
mandatory testing [majr] OR medical futility [mh] OR medical futility [ti] OR
(mental competency [majr] AND (patient OR patient rights [mh:noexp] OR informed consent OR
treatment refusal)) OR (national socialism AND victims) OR (national socialism [majr] AND
(medical faculty OR medical specialties OR surgical specialties [majr] OR disabled persons OR
nurses OR physicians OR professional role [majr] OR pernkopf)) OR oocyte donation/px [majr] OR
parental consent [ti] OR parental notification [tw] OR parental notification [mh] OR paternalism OR
patient self determination act OR patient rights [mh:noexp] OR ((patient [ti] OR
patients [ti]) AND rights [ti]) OR personhood [ti] OR (prejudice AND (diagnosis OR therapy) AND
(age factors [majr] OR disabled persons [majr] OR ethnic groups [majr] OR minority groups [majr] OR
sex factors [majr])) OR (prejudice [majr] AND (diagnosis OR therapy) AND (age factors [mh] OR
disabled persons [mh] OR ethnic groups [mh] OR minority groups [mh] OR sex factors [mh])) OR
(prejudice [majr] AND research [majr] AND (ethnic groups [mh] OR minority groups [mh])) OR
((prejudice OR insurance selection bias) AND (aids serodiagnosis [majr] OR communicable diseases OR
genetic testing [majr] OR hiv seropositivity [majr])) OR (( prejudice [majr] OR
insurance selection bias) AND (aids [majr] OR disabled persons [majr:noexp] OR
hiv infections [majr:noexp] OR mass screening [majr:noexp] OR mentally disabled persons)) OR
((patents as topic [majr] OR intellectual property [majr:noexp]) AND
(animals, genetically modified OR biomedical research [majr] OR biomedical technology [majr] OR
human body OR organisms, genetically modified [mh:noexp])) OR ((patents OR patents as topic) AND
(human genome project OR (genomics AND (ethical OR ethics OR policy OR synthetic biology [tw] OR
synthetic life [tw] OR ownership [mh:noexp] OR good OR law [tw])))) OR presumed consent OR
(proxy [mh] AND decision making) OR (quarantine [majr] NOT veterinary NOT animals [mh:noexp]) OR
refusal to treat [mh] OR refusal to treat [tw] OR assisted suicide [mh] OR assisted suicide [tw] OR
conscientious refusal to treat [mh] OR conscientious refusal to treat [tw] OR
resuscitation orders [mh] OR (resuscitation orders AND (orders [ti] OR decisions [ti] OR choice [ti] OR
attitudes [ti])) OR right to die [mh] OR right to die [ti] OR treatment refusal [majr] OR
reproductive rights [mh] OR (reproductive [ti] AND rights [ti]) OR refusal to participate [majr] OR
social values [majr] OR truth disclosure [majr] OR whistleblowing OR wrongful life [majr] OR
(sterilization, reproductive [mh:noexp] AND (mental retardation OR disabled persons)) OR
surrogate mothers [mh] OR tissue and organ procurement/ec [majr] OR ((tissue and organ procurement [majr] OR
tissue donors [majr:noexp] OR living donors [majr]) AND (attitude [majr] OR commerce [majr:noexp] OR
decision making [majr:noexp] OR gift giving OR informed consent [mh] OR consent [ti] OR
motivation [majr:noexp] OR public opinion)) OR (blood donors [majr] AND (altruism [mh] OR
commerce [majr:noexp] OR decision making [majr:noexp] OR gift giving OR motivation [majr:noexp] OR
public opinion)) OR ((torture [mh] OR (warfare and armed conflicts [majr] AND (politics OR war crimes))) AND
(health personnel [mh] OR physician's role OR nurse's role OR health occupations [majr:noexp])) OR
(terrorism [majr] AND (research [majr] OR civil rights [mh:noexp] OR coercion OR freedom [mh] OR
mandatory programs [mh:noexp] OR voluntary programs [majr])) OR united states office of research integrity OR
((buddhism OR christianity OR confucianism OR hinduism OR islam [mh] OR islam [ti] OR islamic [ti] OR
judaism OR religion [mh:noexp] OR religion and medicine [mh] OR theology [mh] OR altruism [mh] OR
philosophy [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, dental [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, medical [mh:noexp] OR
philosophy, nursing [mh:noexp] OR government regulation OR jurisprudence [mh:noexp] OR
legislation as topic [mh] OR health policy [mh:noexp] OR organizational policy [mh] OR
policy making [mh] OR public policy [mh:noexp] OR politics [mh:noexp] OR guidelines as topic [mh:noexp] OR
guideline [pt] OR legal case [pt] OR legislation [pt] OR lj [sh]) AND humans AND
(abortion, induced [majr:noexp] OR abortion, legal [majr] OR abortion, therapeutic [majr] OR
cloning, organism OR databases, genetic [majr] OR disclosure [majr:noexp] OR DNA fingerprinting [majr] OR
embryo research [mh] OR human genome project [mh] OR preimplantation diagnosis [mh] OR
sex determination analysis OR sex preselection [mh])) OR ((buddhism OR christianity OR
confucianism OR hinduism OR islam [mh] OR islam [ti] OR islamic [ti] OR judaism OR religion [mh:noexp] OR
religion and medicine [mh] OR theology [mh] OR altruism [mh] OR philosophy [mh:noexp] OR
philosophy, dental [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, medical [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, nursing [mh:noexp] OR
government regulation OR jurisprudence [mh:noexp] OR legislation as topic [mh] OR
health policy [mh:noexp] OR organizational policy [mh] OR policy making [mh] OR public policy [mh:noexp] OR
politics [mh:noexp] OR guidelines as topic [mh] OR guideline [pt] OR legal case [pt] OR legislation [pt] OR
lj [sh]) AND humans AND (brain death [majr] OR gene therapy [majr])) OR ((buddhism OR christianity OR
confucianism OR hinduism OR islam [mh] OR islam [ti] OR islamic [ti] OR judaism OR
religion [mh:noexp] OR religion and medicine [mh] OR theology [mh] OR altruism [mh] OR
philosophy [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, dental [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, medical [mh:noexp] OR
philosophy, nursing [mh:noexp] OR government regulation OR jurisprudence [mh:noexp] OR
legislation as topic [mh] OR health policy [mh:noexp] OR organizational policy [mh] OR
policy making [mh] OR public policy [mh:noexp] OR politics [mh:noexp] OR guidelines as topic [mh:noexp] OR
legal case [pt] OR legislation [pt] OR lj [sh]) AND humans AND (advance care planning [majr] OR
bioengineering [majr] OR cesarean section [mh] OR clinical trials data monitoring committees OR
compassionate use [ti] OR compassionate use trials [mh] OR (compassionate use [tw] AND trials) OR
contact tracing [mh] OR genetic counseling [majr] OR genetic engineering [majr:noexp] OR
genetic testing [majr] OR genetic research [majr:noexp] OR genetics, medical [majr:noexp] OR
individualized medicine [mh] OR individualized medicine [ti] OR personalized medicine [ti] OR
intensive care units, neonatal [mh] OR life support care [majr] OR tissue donors [majr:noexp] OR
living donors [majr] OR medical tourism [majr] OR reproductive techniques [majr:noexp] OR
reproductive techniques, assisted [majr] OR tissue and organ procurement [majr] OR value of life [majr] OR
(patents as topic [majr] AND (base sequence [majr] OR cell line [majr] OR chimera [majr] OR
(developing countries [mh] AND health services accessibility [mh]) OR DNA [majr] OR genes [majr] OR
genome, human [majr] OR life [ti])) OR patient transfer [majr] OR prenatal diagnosis [majr] OR
refusal to participate [mh] OR stem cells [majr] OR terminally ill [majr] OR transplantation [majr])) OR
((buddhism OR christianity OR confucianism OR hinduism OR islam [mh] OR islam [ti] OR islamic [ti] OR
judaism OR religion [mh:noexp] OR religion and medicine [mh] OR theology [mh] OR altruism [mh] OR
philosophy [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, dental [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, medical [mh:noexp] OR
philosophy, nursing [mh:noexp]) AND professional-patient relations [majr]) OR ((buddhism OR
christianity OR confucianism OR hinduism OR islam [mh] OR islam [ti] OR islamic [ti] OR judaism OR
religion [mh:noexp] OR religion and medicine [mh] OR theology [mh] OR altruism [mh] OR
philosophy [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, dental [mh:noexp] OR philosophy, medical [mh:noexp] OR
philosophy, nursing [mh:noexp] OR government regulation OR jurisprudence [mh:noexp] OR
legislation as topic [mh] OR health policy [mh:noexp] OR policy making [mh] OR public policy [mh:noexp]
OR politics [mh:noexp] OR legal case [pt] OR legislation [pt] OR lj [sh]) AND humans AND genomics [majr])
OR neuroethics[tw] OR neuroethical[tw] OR neuroethicists[tw] OR neuroethicist[tw]  OR "neuro ethics"[tw] OR
"neuro ethical"[tw] OR "neuro ethicists"[tw]
OR bioethics [ta] OR bmc med ethics [ta] OR christ bioeth [ta] OR dev world bioeth [ta] OR
health care anal [ta] OR health matrix [ta] OR hec forum [ta] OR issues law med [ta] OR
j law med ethics [ta] OR jonas healthc law ethics regul [ta] OR monash bioeth rev [ta] OR nurs ethics [ta] OR
ama j ethics [ta]

Last Reviewed: February 20, 2019